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Enhancement of X-Ray Cell Killing in Cultured Mammalian Cells by the Protein Phosphatase Inhibitor Calyculin A

Department of Experimental Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812 Japan

Effects of calyculin A, a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, on X-ray cell killing and chromatin structure were studied using cultured mammalian cells (BHK21). Calyculin A at concentrations of 2.5–20 nM enhanced X-ray cell killing when exponentially growing BHK21 cells were treated with calyculin A for 30 min after X-irradiation. A 30-min treatment with this drug induced chromatin condensation transiently. These results suggest that the enhancement of X-ray cell killing by calyculin A is caused by the events associated with chromatin condensation. Protein phosphatase-targeting drugs may represent a new class of radiation sensitizers.

¹ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 1/10/94. Accepted 3/ 4/94.

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