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Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology [S. M. L., D. M. S., W. K. H.], Biomathematics [J. J. L.], Pathology [J. G. B.], Tumor Biology [R. L., M. A. T.], and Clinical Investigation [W. N. H.], University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
We studied p53 protein's pattern of expression, association with retinoid response or resistance, and modulation by retinoid intervention in oral premalignancy. These p53 analyses were included in a prospective trial of the retinoid isotretinoin (1.5 mg/kg/day for 3 months) in 40 patients (45 oral premalignant lesions). Seven nonsmoking subjects (eight oral biopsies) were included as a control. Protein levels of p53 were determined separately for the whole epithelium and the basal, parabasal, and superficial layers. A wide range of accumulated p53 protein levels occurred in 40 (89%) of 45 lesions in basal and parabasal but not superficial layers. No p53 protein was detected in any normal controls. Accumulation of p53 increased in direct association with histological grade (P = 0.0004). An inverse relationship occurred between the levels of accumulated p53 protein and response to isotretinoin (P = 0.006). High-dose isotretinoin did not modulate accumulated p53 protein expression.
1 Supported by Grants CA-46303 and CA-52051 from the National Cancer Institute and Grants CDA 89-180 and CDA 91-271 from the American Cancer Society.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Section of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Box 80, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030.
Received 10/17/94. Accepted 11/16/94.
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