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[Cancer Research 55, 2752-2755, July 1, 1995]
© 1995 American Association for Cancer Research
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Overexpression of the Focal Adhesion Kinase (p125FAK) in Invasive Human Tumors1

Lewis V. Owens, LiHui Xu, Rolf J. Craven, Georgette A. Dent, Tim M. Weiner, Lori Kornberg, Edison T. Liu and William G. Cance2,3,

Departments of Surgery [L. V. O., L. X., R. J. C., T. M. W., W. G. C.], Medicine [E. T. L.], Pathology [G. A. D.], Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology [R. J. C., E. T. L.], and The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center [L. V. O., L. X., R. J. C., T. M. W., E. T. L., W. G. C.], University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 [L. K.]

The focal adhesion kinase (FAK) gene encodes a tyrosine kinase (p125FAK) thought to be involved in signal transduction pathways used in cell adhesion, motility, and anchorage-independent growth. Because alterations in these cellular processes occur in tumor invasion and metastasis, we studied the protein expression of FAK in a variety of human tumors and found that in the 119 samples studied, increased levels of p125FAK correlated with the invasive potential of a tumor. By comparing FAK expression in tumors with normal tissue from the same patient, we found that p125FAK was significantly elevated in 17 (100%) of 17 invasive and metastatic colonic lesions and in 22 (88%) of 25 invasive and metastatic breast tumors. Additional studies of FAK expression in 13 high grade sarcomas showed high levels in all samples compared to benign, noninvasive mesenchymal specimens. Furthermore, FAK protein levels were elevated in preinvasive lesions, such as large (>2 cm) colonic villous adenomas, whereas noninvasive, yet hypercellular, neoplastic tissues such as parathyroid and hepatocellular adenomas did not overexpress FAK. These data provide evidence that both epithelial and mesenchymal tumor progression are accompanied by increased p125FAK expression and suggest that the level of FAK expression might be a marker for the invasive potential of a tumor.

1 This study was supported by NIH Grants CA09688, CA01625, and CA58233-01 Specialized Program of Research Excellence in breast cancer.

2 Recipient of the George H. A. Clowes, Jr., Memorial Research Career Development Award from the American College of Surgeons.

3 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Surgery, 3010 Old Clinic Building, CB #7210, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599.

Received 3/21/95. Accepted 5/19/95.




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