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Nuffield Department of Pathology [L. K.] and University Department of Cellular Science [K. C. G.], John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, and Imperial Cancer Research Fund Clinical Oncology Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, United Kingdom [R. L., M. K., A. L. H.]
We studied by immunohistochemistry the HLA-allelic, ß2-microglobulin, and TAP-1 expression in primary breast carcinomas and related lymph node metastases. Thirty-three of the primary tumors and 44% of the lymph node metastases had a complete HLA class I loss. The higher incidence of antigenic loss in metastatic tumors suggests that recognition of HLA class I antigens by the host immunity could have an important role in the metastatic evolution of breast cancer. We observed a simultaneous defective expression of all three components involved in HLA class I expression. Since the controlling genes of heavy chain and TAP-1 are located in different chromosome than ß2-microglobulin, it could be that a common factor exists regulating HLA class I antigenic expression. Five of 25 (20%) primary and metastatic tumors from HLA-A2-positive individuals also had a selective loss. The high incidence of HLA class I loss in breast cancer patients shows that adjuvant immunotherapy to induce HLA class I expression could be of value in a subgroup of patients.
1 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.
Received 7/31/95. Accepted 9/28/95.
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