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Lung Cancer Risk in African-Americans in Relation to a Race-specific CYP1A1 Polymorphism¹

Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine [S. J. L., C. L. C.], and Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics [W. C. N.], University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; and the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Medical School, Newcastle NE2 4HH, United Kingdom [A. K. D., K. S. F., C. H., J. R. I.]

The possible association between lung cancer and a polymorphism of the CYP1A1 gene specific to African-Americans was examined using peripheral blood DNA from 144 incident cases of lung cancer and 230 population controls with detailed data on smoking and other risk factors for the disease. The CYP1A1 variant allele was present in 15.2% of controls and 16.7% of cases. The smoking-adjusted odds ratio for the presence of the variant allele in relation to lung cancer risk overall was 1.3 (95% confidence interval, 0.7–2.4). According to histological type, the strongest association was observed for squamous cell carcinoma (odds ratio, 2.1), but this result was compatible with chance (95% confidence interval, 0.8–5.9). Adenocarcinoma was not materially associated with the presence of the variant allele (odds ratio, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.5–3.2). No important associations were observed upon stratification by several risk factors for lung cancer, including smoking history, occupational exposures to asbestos and motor vehicle exhaust, or low intake of the micronutrient antioxidants ß-carotene, vitamin E, or vitamin C. These results do not confirm an earlier report that this CYP1A1 polymorphism may be an important risk factor for adenocarcinoma of the lung in African-Americans.

¹ This work was supported by Grants 1RT-140 and 3RT-0403 from the State of California Tobacco Related Disease Research Program. S. J. L. was also supported by a Research Career Development Award from Stop Cancer. Case ascertainment was supported in part by the California Public Health Foundation, subcontract 050-F-8709, which is supported by the California Department of Health Services as part of its statewide cancer-reporting program mandated by Health and Safety Code Sections 210 and 211.3. Case ascertainment was also supported in part by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, NIH, United States Department of Health and Human Services, under contract number N01-CN-25403.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop A3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.

Received 9/19/95. Accepted 11/ 1/95.

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