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Departments of Pathology [K-Y. L., T-C. W.], Pharmacology and Molecular Science [F. G. G., J. T. A.], Surgery [K. F. S-O.], and Oncology [H. I. L., J. T. A., D. M. P.], The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-6417
Presentation of antigenic peptides by MHC class II molecules to CD4+ T cells is critical to the generation of antitumor immunity. In an attempt to enhance MHC class II antigen processing, we linked the sorting signals of the lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP-1) to the cytoplasmic/nuclear human papilloma virus (HPV-16) E7 antigen, creating a chimera (Sig/E7/LAMP-1). Previously, we found that expression of this chimera in vitro and in vivo with a recombinant vaccinia vector targeted E7 to endosomal and lysosomal compartments and enhanced MHC class II presentation to CD4+ T cells compared to vaccinia expressing wild-type E7. In the current study, we tested these recombinant vaccinia for in vivo protection against an E7+ tumor, TC-1, which was derived from primary epithelial cells of C57BL/6 mice cotransformed with HPV-16 E6 and E7 and c-Ha-ras oncogenes. All mice vaccinated with 1 x 107 plaque-forming units of wild-type E7-vaccinia showed progressive tumor growth when challenged with a tumorigenic dose of TC-1 tumor cells; in contrast, 80% of mice vaccinated with the chimeric Sig/E7/LAMP1 vaccinia remained tumor free 3 months after tumor injection. Furthermore, treatment with the Sig/E7/LAMP-1 vaccinia vaccine cured mice with small established TC-1 tumors, whereas the wild-type E7-vaccinia showed no effect on this established tumor burden. These findings point out the therapeutic limitations of recombinant vaccinia expressing unmodified tumor antigens. Further, they demonstrate that modifications that reroute a cytosolic tumor antigen to the endosomal/lysosomal compartment can profoundly improve the in vivo therapeutic potency of recombinant vaccines.
1 This work was supported by NIH Grants 5 PO1 34582-01 and P50 CA62924, and by a gift from Mr. and Mrs. Zandy Leaderman. F. G. G. was supported by the Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287. Phone: (410) 614-3899; Fax: (410) 614-3548.
Received 10/27/95. Accepted 11/22/95.
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M. P. Velders, S. McElhiney, M. C. Cassetti, G. L. Eiben, T. Higgins, G. R. Kovacs, A. G. Elmishad, W. M. Kast, and L. R. Smith Eradication of Established Tumors by Vaccination with Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Replicon Particles Delivering Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 RNA Cancer Res., November 1, 2001; 61(21): 7861 - 7867. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Lamikanra, Z.-K. Pan, S. N. Isaacs, T.-C. Wu, and Y. Paterson Regression of Established Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (HPV-16) Immortalized Tumors In Vivo by Vaccinia Viruses Expressing Different Forms of HPV-16 E7 Correlates with Enhanced CD8+ T-Cell Responses That Home to the Tumor Site J. Virol., October 15, 2001; 75(20): 9654 - 9664. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. W. Tindle, K. Herd, T. Doan, G. Bryson, G. R. Leggatt, P. Lambert, I. H. Frazer, and M. Street Nonspecific Down-Regulation of CD8+ T-Cell Responses in Mice Expressing Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E7 Oncoprotein from the Keratin-14 Promoter J. Virol., July 1, 2001; 75(13): 5985 - 5997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Heller, J. Kuo, T. C. Wu, W. M. Kast, and R. C. C. Huang Tetra-O-methyl Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid Induces G2 Arrest in Mammalian Cells and Exhibits Tumoricidal Activity in Vivo Cancer Res., July 1, 2001; 61(14): 5499 - 5504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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W.-F. Cheng, C.-F. Hung, C.-Y. Chai, K.-F. Hsu, L. He, C. M. Rice, M. Ling, and T.-C. Wu Enhancement of Sindbis Virus Self-Replicating RNA Vaccine Potency by Linkage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene to an Antigen Gene J. Immunol., May 15, 2001; 166(10): 6218 - 6226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C.-F. Hung, W.-F. Cheng, K.-F. Hsu, C.-Y. Chai, L. He, M. Ling, and T-C. Wu Cancer Immunotherapy Using a DNA Vaccine Encoding the Translocation Domain of a Bacterial Toxin Linked to a Tumor Antigen Cancer Res., May 1, 2001; 61(9): 3698 - 3703. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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C.-F. Hung, W.-F. Cheng, C.-Y. Chai, K.-F. Hsu, L. He, M. Ling, and T.-C. Wu Improving Vaccine Potency Through Intercellular Spreading and Enhanced MHC Class I Presentation of Antigen J. Immunol., May 1, 2001; 166(9): 5733 - 5740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. Bonini, S. P. Lee, S. R. Riddell, and P. D. Greenberg Targeting Antigen in Mature Dendritic Cells for Simultaneous Stimulation of CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells J. Immunol., April 15, 2001; 166(8): 5250 - 5257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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B. Wu, J.-M. Wu, A. Miagkov, R. N. Adams, H. I. Levitsky, and D. B. Drachman Specific Immunotherapy by Genetically Engineered APCs: The ""Guided Missile"" Strategy J. Immunol., April 1, 2001; 166(7): 4773 - 4779. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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W.-F. Cheng, C.-F. Hung, C.-Y. Chai, K.-F. Hsu, L. He, M. Ling, and T.-C. Wu Enhancement of Sindbis Virus Self-Replicating RNA Vaccine Potency by Linkage of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 VP22 Protein to Antigen J. Virol., March 1, 2001; 75(5): 2368 - 2376. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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C.-F. Hung, K.-F. Hsu, W.-F. Cheng, C.-Y. Chai, L. He, M. Ling, and T-C. Wu Enhancement of DNA Vaccine Potency by Linkage of Antigen Gene to a Gene Encoding the Extracellular Domain of Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3-Ligand Cancer Res., February 1, 2001; 61(3): 1080 - 1088. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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J. van Bergen, M. Camps, R. Offringa, C. J. M. Melief, F. Ossendorp, and F. Koning Superior Tumor Protection Induced by a Cellular Vaccine Carrying a Tumor-specific T Helper Epitope by Genetic Exchange of the Class II-associated Invariant Chain Peptide Cancer Res., November 1, 2000; 60(22): 6427 - 6433. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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D.-W. Liu, Y.-P. Tsao, C.-H. Hsieh, J.-T. Hsieh, J. T. Kung, C.-L. Chiang, S.-J. Huang, and S.-L. Chen Induction of CD8 T Cells by Vaccination with Recombinant Adenovirus Expressing Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E5 Gene Reduces Tumor Growth J. Virol., October 1, 2000; 74(19): 9083 - 9089. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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M. P. M. Vierboom, S. Zwaveling, G. M. J. Bos, M. Ooms, G. M. Krietemeijer, C. J. M. Melief, and R. Offringa High Steady-State Levels of p53 Are Not a Prerequisite for Tumor Eradication by Wild-Type p53-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Cancer Res., October 1, 2000; 60(19): 5508 - 5513. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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D.-W. Liu, Y.-P. Tsao, J. T. Kung, Y.-A. Ding, H.-K. Sytwu, X. Xiao, and S.-L. Chen Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Expressing Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E7 Peptide DNA Fused with Heat Shock Protein DNA as a Potential Vaccine for Cervical Cancer J. Virol., March 15, 2000; 74(6): 2888 - 2894. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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C.-H. Chen, T.-L. Wang, C.-F. Hung, Y. Yang, R. A. Young, D. M. Pardoll, and T-C. Wu Enhancement of DNA Vaccine Potency by Linkage of Antigen Gene to an HSP70 Gene Cancer Res., February 1, 2000; 60(4): 1035 - 1042. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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W. Shi, P. Bu, J. Liu, A. Polack, S. Fisher, and L. Qiao Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E7 DNA Vaccine: Mutation in the Open Reading Frame of E7 Enhances Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Induction and Antitumor Activity J. Virol., September 1, 1999; 73(9): 7877 - 7881. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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T. F. Greten and E. M. Jaffee Cancer Vaccines J. Clin. Oncol., March 1, 1999; 17(3): 1047 - 1047. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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P. Chaux, V. Vantomme, V. Stroobant, K. Thielemans, J. Corthals, R. Luiten, A. M.M. Eggermont, T. Boon, and P. van der Bruggen Identification of MAGE-3 Epitopes Presented by HLA-DR Molecules to CD4+ T Lymphocytes J. Exp. Med., March 1, 1999; 189(5): 767 - 778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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G. J. P. Fernando, T. J. Stewart, R. W. Tindle, and I. H. Frazer Th2-Type CD4+ Cells Neither Enhance nor Suppress Antitumor CTL Activity in a Mouse Tumor Model J. Immunol., September 1, 1998; 161(5): 2421 - 2427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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D. R. Lowy and J. T. Schiller Papillomaviruses and Cervical Cancer: Pathogenesis and Vaccine Development J Natl Cancer Inst Monographs, April 1, 1998; 1998(23): 27 - 30. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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S. A. Thomson, S. R. Burrows, I. S. Misko, D. J. Moss, B. E. H. Coupar, and R. Khanna Targeting a Polyepitope Protein Incorporating Multiple Class II-Restricted Viral Epitopes to the Secretory/Endocytic Pathway Facilitates Immune Recognition by CD4+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes: a Novel Approach to Vaccine Design J. Virol., March 1, 1998; 72(3): 2246 - 2252. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. L. Greenstone, J. D. Nieland, K. E. de Visser, M. L. H. De Bruijn, R. Kirnbauer, R. B. S. Roden, D. R. Lowy, W. M. Kast, and J. T. Schiller Chimeric papillomavirus virus-like particles elicit antitumor immunity against the E7 oncoprotein in an HPV16 tumor model PNAS, February 17, 1998; 95(4): 1800 - 1805. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Tuting, C. C. Wilson, D. M. Martin, Y. L. Kasamon, J. Rowles, D. I. Ma, C. L. Slingluff Jr., S. N. Wagner, P. van der Bruggen, J. Baar, et al. Autologous Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Genetically Modified to Express Melanoma Antigens Elicit Primary Cytotoxic T Cell Responses In Vitro: Enhancement by Cotransfection of Genes Encoding the Th1-Biasing Cytokines IL-12 and IFN-{alpha} J. Immunol., February 1, 1998; 160(3): 1139 - 1147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. Osanto Vaccine Trials for the Clinician: Prospects for Tumor Antigens Oncologist, October 1, 1997; 2(5): 284 - 299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. L. Ruff, F. G. Guarnieri, K. Staveley-O'Carroll, R. F. Siliciano, and J. T. August The Enhanced Immune Response to the HIV gp160/LAMP Chimeric Gene Product Targeted to the Lysosome Membrane Protein Trafficking Pathway J. Biol. Chem., March 28, 1997; 272(13): 8671 - 8678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. P. Medema, J. de Jong, L. T. C. Peltenburg, E. M. E. Verdegaal, A. Gorter, S. A. Bres, K. L. M. C. Franken, M. Hahne, J. P. Albar, C. J. M. Melief, et al. Blockade of the granzyme B/perforin pathway through overexpression of the serine protease inhibitor PI-9/SPI-6 constitutes a mechanism for immune escape by tumors PNAS, September 25, 2001; 98(20): 11515 - 11520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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