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Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka 812-82 [T. O., K. Koi., M. O., Y. M., M. K.], Sapporo Research Laboratory, Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd., Sapporo 065 [Y. I., M. T.], and Department of Molecular Biology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807 [K. Koh.], Japan
The Y box-binding protein (YB-1) binds to DNA sequences, present in the control regions of many genes, that contain an inverted CCAAT box. The binding activity of a nuclear factor, designated MDR-NF1, to an inverted CCAAT box in the promoter of the multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene has previously been shown to be increased in nuclear extracts of cells exposed to UV radiation or various anticancer agents. The MDR-NF1 cDNA has now been cloned by screening a human colon library with an active fragment of the MDR1 promoter. The amino acid sequence encoded by the cloned cDNA was identical to that of YB-1. Northern blot analysis revealed that YB-1 mRNA was present in all human tissues examined. Rabbit antibodies were generated against synthetic peptides corresponding to YB-1, and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy with these antibodies showed that the concentration of YB-1 in all cisplatin-resistant cell lines examined was higher than that in the respective drug-sensitive parental cells. Transfection of human epidermoid cancer KB cells with a YB-1 antisense construct established two cell lines with reduced concentrations of YB-1. These transfectants showed increased sensitivity to cisplatin, mitomycin C, and UV radiation but not to vincristine, doxorubicin, camptothecin, or etoposide. Thus, YB-1 may protect cells from the cytotoxic effects of agents that induce cross-linking of DNA, suggesting a novel function of this ancestor DNA-binding protein.
1 This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for cancer research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, Fukuoka Anticancer Research Fund, Yasuda Memorial Medical Fund, and the Fukuoka 21st Century Medical Fund.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed. Phone: 81-92-641-1151, Ext. 3354 or 3355; Fax: 81-92-632-4198.
Received 4/24/96. Accepted 7/17/96.
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