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Imperial Cancer Research Fund Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Oxford Institute of Molecular Medicine [R.D.L., R.W., A.L.H.], Nuffield Department of Pathology and Bacteriology [R.D.L., C.E.L.], and Department of Surgery [M.G., J.C.], University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, England
Angiogenesis is a key process in tumor growth and metastasis and is a major independent prognostic factor in breast cancer. A range of cytokines stimulate the tumor neovasculature, and tumor-associated macrophages have been shown recently to produce several important angiogenic factors.
We have quantified macrophage infiltration using Chalkley count morphometry in a series of invasive breast carcinomas to investigate the relationship between tumor-associated macrophage infiltration and tumor angiogenesis, and prognosis. There was a significant positive correlation between high vascular grade and increased macrophage index (P = 0.03), and a strong relationship was observed between increased macrophage counts and reduced relapse-free survival (P = 0.006) and reduced overall survival (P = 0.004) as an independent prognostic variable. These data indicate a role for macrophages in angiogenesis and prognosis in breast cancer and that this cell type may represent an important target for immunoinhibitory therapy in breast cancer.
1 This project was funded by the Imperial Cancer Research Fund, P. O. Box 123, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, England.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.
Received 8/ 7/96. Accepted 8/28/96.
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