| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Lung Cancer Institute of Colorado, Denver, Colorado 80218 [T. C. K., S. P. P.]; Departments of Surgical Pathology [W. A. F.], Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine and Division of Medical Oncology [Y. E. M.], Preventive Medicine and Biometrics [P. G. A.], and Section of Ambulatory Care [A. P.], University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80209; Department of Pathology, Presbyterian/St. Luke's Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80218 [T. A. M., K. E. S.]; Department of Pathology, St. Mary's Hospital and Medical Center, Grand Junction, Colorado 81501 [G. S.]; Department of Pathology, Lutheran Medical Center, Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033 [M. E. C.]; and Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80909 [D. L. M.]
Advances in the understanding of lung cancer biology have led to observations that specific genetic changes occur in premalignant dysplasia. These observations have occurred predominantly in molecular studies of resected lung tumors and consequently, they may not be fully representative of those biological abnormalities characterizing premalignant lesions in individuals without overt lung cancer. Studies of premalignant epithelial cell biology and chemoprevention are needed in this patient subgroup. Such an initiative is now underway through the lung cancer Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) grant awarded to the University of Colorado Cancer Center (and affiliated institutions) by the National Cancer Institute. To identify participants for the early detection and chemoprevention trials of the Colorado SPORE, we initiated a sputum cytology screening program targeting persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and smoking histories of 40 or more packyears. During the first 26 months after activation of the screening program, sputum samples from 632 participants were evaluated. Of these, 533 (84%) of the subjects submitted specimens deemed adequate for cytopathological interpretation; 99 (16%) provided sputum samples unsuitable for cytodiagnosis. Of those participants who submitted adequate samples, 48% had cytodiagnoses of mild dysplasia, 26% had moderate to severe dysplasia, and 2% presented with carcinoma in situ or invasive carcinoma. Logistic regression modeling was pursued to determine whether selected demographic and/or clinical status variables could be identified as statistically significant predictors of the specific cytological outcome to be expected (mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia, and so forth). The only apparent associations found from both univariate and multivariate analyses were that the total number of pack-years of smoking history decreased with severity of cytodiagnosis and that those individuals with mild or moderate dysplasia were more likely to be ex-smokers than those with grades of regular metaplasia or lower. Based on the initial results of the Colorado SPORE sputum cytology screening program, we conclude that persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 40 or more pack-years of smoking history have a high prevalence of premalignant dysplasia detectable through sputum cytology and should be targeted for research programs focusing on lung cancer prevention, early detection, and exploratory biomarker studies.
1 Supported by National Grant No. P50 CA58187. All authors are either faculty or affiliated researchers of the University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80209. Colorado SPORE pathologists: W. A. F. (quality control reviewer), T. A. M., G. S. (quality control adviser), M. E. C., D. L. M., and K. E. S.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Lung Cancer Institute of Colorado, 1721 East 19th Avenue, Suite 366, Denver, CO 80218.
Received 10/30/95. Accepted 8/16/96.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. Bhutani, A. K. Pathak, Y.-H. Fan, D. D. Liu, J. J. Lee, H. Tang, J. M. Kurie, R. C. Morice, E. S. Kim, W. K. Hong, et al. Oral Epithelium as a Surrogate Tissue for Assessing Smoking-Induced Molecular Alterations in the Lungs Cancer Prevention Research, June 1, 2008; 1(1): 39 - 44. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Byers, H. J. Wolf, W. A. Franklin, S. Braudrick, D. T. Merrick, K. R. Shroyer, F. R. Hirsch, C. Zeng, A. E. Baron, P. A. Bunn, et al. Sputum Cytologic Atypia Predicts Incident Lung Cancer: Defining Latency and Histologic Specificity Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2008; 17(1): 158 - 162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. O. Machida, M. V. Brock, C. M. Hooker, J. Nakayama, A. Ishida, J. Amano, M. A. Picchi, S. A. Belinsky, J. G. Herman, S. Taniguchi, et al. Hypermethylation of ASC/TMS1 Is a Sputum Marker for Late-Stage Lung Cancer. Cancer Res., June 15, 2006; 66(12): 6210 - 6218. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. Belinsky, D. M. Klinge, J. D. Dekker, M. W. Smith, T. J. Bocklage, F. D. Gilliland, R. E. Crowell, D. D. Karp, C. A. Stidley, and M. A. Picchi Gene Promoter Methylation in Plasma and Sputum Increases with Lung Cancer Risk Clin. Cancer Res., September 15, 2005; 11(18): 6505 - 6511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K Haussinger, H Becker, F Stanzel, A Kreuzer, B Schmidt, J Strausz, S Cavaliere, F Herth, M Kohlhaufl, K-M Muller, et al. Autofluorescence bronchoscopy with white light bronchoscopy compared with white light bronchoscopy alone for the detection of precancerous lesions: a European randomised controlled multicentre trial Thorax, June 1, 2005; 60(6): 496 - 503. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Swede, Y. Dong, M. Reid, J. Marshall, and C. Ip Cell Cycle Arrest Biomarkers in Human Lung Cancer Cells After Treatment with Selenium in Culture Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., November 1, 2003; 12(11): 1248 - 1252. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F B J M Thunnissen Sputum examination for early detection of lung cancer J. Clin. Pathol., November 1, 2003; 56(11): 805 - 810. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Prindiville, T. Byers, F. R. Hirsch, W. A. Franklin, Y. E. Miller, K. O. Vu, H. J. Wolf, A. E. Baron, K. R. Shroyer, C. Zeng, et al. Sputum Cytological Atypia as a Predictor of Incident Lung Cancer in a Cohort of Heavy Smokers with Airflow Obstruction Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2003; 12(10): 987 - 993. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. L. Johnson, J. F. Donohue, and C. L. Shaffer Improved Sputum Expectoration Following a Single Dose of INS316 in Patients With Chronic Bronchitis Chest, December 1, 2002; 122(6): 2021 - 2029. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Garg, R. L. Keith, T. Byers, K. Kelly, A. L. Kerzner, D. A. Lynch, and Y. E. Miller Randomized Controlled Trial with Low-Dose Spiral CT for Lung Cancer Screening: Feasibility Study and Preliminary Results Radiology, November 1, 2002; 225(2): 506 - 510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. O'Shaughnessy, G. J. Kelloff, G. B. Gordon, A. J. Dannenberg, W. K. Hong, C. J. Fabian, C. C. Sigman, M. M. Bertagnolli, S. P. Stratton, S. Lam, et al. Treatment and Prevention of Intraepithelial Neoplasia: An Important Target for Accelerated New Agent Development : Recommendations of the American Association for Cancer Research Task Force on the Treatment and Prevention of Intraepithelial Neoplasia Clin. Cancer Res., February 1, 2002; 8(2): 314 - 346. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. K. El-Naggar, L. Mao, G. Staerkel, M. M. Coombes, S. L. Tucker, M. A. Luna, G. L. Clayman, S. Lippman, and H. Goepfert Genetic Heterogeneity in Saliva from Patients with Oral Squamous Carcinomas: Implications in Molecular Diagnosis and Screening J. Mol. Diagn., November 1, 2001; 3(4): 164 - 170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. C. Kennedy, S. Lam, and F. R. Hirsch Review of Recent Advances in Fluorescence Bronchoscopy in Early Localization of Central Airway Lung Cancer Oncologist, June 1, 2001; 6(3): 257 - 262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. M. Boiselle, A. Ernst, and D. D. Karp Lung Cancer Detection in the 21st Century: Potential Contributions and Challenges of Emerging Technologies Am. J. Roentgenol., November 1, 2000; 175(5): 1215 - 1221. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. L. Petty Screening Strategies for Early Detection of Lung Cancer: The Time Is Now JAMA, October 18, 2000; 284(15): 1977 - 1980. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L. Keith, Y. E. Miller, R. M. Gemmill, H. A. Drabkin, E. C. Dempsey, T. C. Kennedy, S. Prindiville, and W. A. Franklin Angiogenic Squamous Dysplasia in Bronchi of Individuals at High Risk for Lung Cancer Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2000; 6(5): 1616 - 1625. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. N. ROM, J. G. HAY, T. C. LEE, Y. JIANG, and K.-M. TCHOU-WONG Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Lung Cancer Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 1, 2000; 161(4): 1355 - 1367. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. C. Kennedy, Y. Miller, and S. Prindiville Screening for Lung Cancer Revisited and the Role of Sputum Cytology and Fluorescence Bronchoscopy in a High-Risk Group Chest, April 1, 2000; 117(4_suppl_1): 72S - 79S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. L. Petty It's Time to Pick the Low-Hanging Fruit Chest, January 1, 2000; 117(1): 1 - 2. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Lam, J. C. leRiche, Y. Zheng, A. Coldman, C. MacAulay, E. Hawk, G. Kelloff, and A. F. Gazdar Sex-Related Differences in Bronchial Epithelial Changes Associated With Tobacco Smoking J Natl Cancer Inst, April 21, 1999; 91(8): 691 - 696. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Cancer Research | Clinical Cancer Research |
| Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention | Molecular Cancer Therapeutics |
| Molecular Cancer Research | Cancer Prevention Research |
| Cancer Prevention Journals Portal | Cancer Reviews Online |
| Annual Meeting Education Book | Meeting Abstracts Online |
