| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Pacific Northwest Research Foundation, Biomembrane Division, Seattle, Washington 98122, and Departments of Pathobiology and Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
Aberrant glycosylation expressed in glycosphingolipids and glycoproteins in tumor cells has been implicated as an essential mechanism in defining stage, direction, and fate of tumor progression. This general concept is supported by results from three lines of study:
Various reagents that block carbohydrate-mediated tumor cell adhesion or block glycosylation processing have been shown to inhibit tumor cell metastasis. This provides the basis for further development of "anti-adhesion therapy." Ganglioside analogues and sphingolipid analogues that inhibit protein kinase C and receptor-associated tyrosine kinase have been applied for inhibition of metastasis. A crucial mechanism for inhibition of metastasis by these reagents may involve blocking of transmembrane signaling for expression of P- and E-selectin. This provides the basis for development of "ortho-signaling therapy."
1 The author's own studies cited in this paper were supported by National Cancer Institute Outstanding Investigator Grant CA42505.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Pacific Northwest Research Foundation, Biomembrane Division, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122. Phone: (206) 726-1222; Fax: (206) 726-1212.
Received 9/ 9/96. Accepted 9/27/96.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
C. E. Miller, D. D. Busath, B. Strongin, and J. Majewski Integration of Ganglioside GT1b Receptor into DPPE and DPPC Phospholipid Monolayers: An X-Ray Reflectivity and Grazing-Incidence Diffraction Study Biophys. J., October 1, 2008; 95(7): 3278 - 3286. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. B. Zavareh, K. S. Lau, R. Hurren, A. Datti, D. J. Ashline, M. Gronda, P. Cheung, C. D. Simpson, W. Liu, A. R. Wasylishen, et al. Inhibition of the Sodium/Potassium ATPase Impairs N-Glycan Expression and Function Cancer Res., August 15, 2008; 68(16): 6688 - 6697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Zhuo, R. Chammas, and S. L. Bellis Sialylation of {beta}1 Integrins Blocks Cell Adhesion to Galectin-3 and Protects Cells against Galectin-3-induced Apoptosis J. Biol. Chem., August 8, 2008; 283(32): 22177 - 22185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
U. Distler, J. Souady, M. Hulsewig, I. Drmic-Hofman, J. Haier, A. Denz, R. Grutzmann, C. Pilarsky, N. Senninger, K. Dreisewerd, et al. Tumor-associated CD75s- and iso-CD75s-gangliosides are potential targets for adjuvant therapy in pancreatic cancer Mol. Cancer Ther., August 1, 2008; 7(8): 2464 - 2475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Roque-Navarro, K. Chakrabandhu, J. de Leon, S. Rodriguez, C. Toledo, A. Carr, C. M. de Acosta, A.-O. Hueber, and R. Perez Anti-ganglioside antibody-induced tumor cell death by loss of membrane integrity Mol. Cancer Ther., July 1, 2008; 7(7): 2033 - 2041. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Z. Kyselova, Y. Mechref, P. Kang, J. A. Goetz, L. E. Dobrolecki, G. W. Sledge, L. Schnaper, R. J. Hickey, L. H. Malkas, and M. V. Novotny Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis through Quantitative Measurements of Serum Glycan Profiles Clin. Chem., July 1, 2008; 54(7): 1166 - 1175. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Mukherjee, A. C. Faber, L. M. Shelton, R. C. Baek, T. C. Chiles, and T. N. Seyfried Thematic Review Series: Sphingolipids. Ganglioside GM3 suppresses the proangiogenic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor and ganglioside GD1a J. Lipid Res., May 1, 2008; 49(5): 929 - 938. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Azuma, S. Yao, G. Zhu, A. S. Flies, S. J. Flies, and L. Chen B7-H1 is a ubiquitous antiapoptotic receptor on cancer cells Blood, April 1, 2008; 111(7): 3635 - 3643. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Hedlund, E. Ng, A. Varki, and N. M. Varki {alpha}2-6 Linked Sialic Acids on N-Glycans Modulate Carcinoma Differentiation In vivo Cancer Res., January 15, 2008; 68(2): 388 - 394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. R. Cerhan, S. M. Ansell, Z. S. Fredericksen, N. E. Kay, M. Liebow, T. G. Call, A. Dogan, J. M. Cunningham, A. H. Wang, W. Liu-Mares, et al. Genetic variation in 1253 immune and inflammation genes and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma Blood, December 15, 2007; 110(13): 4455 - 4463. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H.-B. Guo, M. Randolph, and M. Pierce Inhibition of a Specific N-Glycosylation Activity Results in Attenuation of Breast Carcinoma Cell Invasiveness-related Phenotypes: INHIBITION OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR-INDUCED DEPHOSPHORYLATION OF FOCAL ADHESION KINASE J. Biol. Chem., July 27, 2007; 282(30): 22150 - 22162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Tsuboi, T. Asao, M. Ide, S. Hashimoto, K. Noguchi, Y. Kominato, A. R. Saniabadi, H. Kuwano, and S. Yazawa {alpha}1,2Fucosylation Is a Superior Predictor of Postoperative Prognosis for Colorectal Cancer Compared with Blood Group A, B, or Sialyl Lewis X Antigen Generated within Colorectal Tumor Tissues Ann. Surg. Oncol., June 1, 2007; 14(6): 1880 - 1889. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M.-O. Sadoulet, C. Franceschi, M. Aubert, F. Silvy, J.-P. Bernard, D. Lombardo, and E. Mas Glycoengineering of {alpha}Gal xenoantigen on recombinant peptide bearing the J28 pancreatic oncofetal glycotope Glycobiology, June 1, 2007; 17(6): 620 - 630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Borsig, L. Wang, M. C. M. Cavalcante, L. Cardilo-Reis, P. L. Ferreira, P. A. S. Mourao, J. D. Esko, and M. S. G. Pavao Selectin Blocking Activity of a Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan from Sea Cucumber: EFFECT ON TUMOR METASTASIS AND NEUTROPHIL RECRUITMENT J. Biol. Chem., May 18, 2007; 282(20): 14984 - 14991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Tringali, B. Lupo, L. Anastasia, N. Papini, E. Monti, R. Bresciani, G. Tettamanti, and B. Venerando Expression of Sialidase Neu2 in Leukemic K562 Cells Induces Apoptosis by Impairing Bcr-Abl/Src Kinases Signaling J. Biol. Chem., May 11, 2007; 282(19): 14364 - 14372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Yokoe, M. Takahashi, M. Asahi, S. H. Lee, W. Li, D. Osumi, E. Miyoshi, and N. Taniguchi The Asn418-Linked N-Glycan of ErbB3 Plays a Crucial Role in Preventing Spontaneous Heterodimerization and Tumor Promotion Cancer Res., March 1, 2007; 67(5): 1935 - 1942. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Loo, N. Pryer, P. Young, T. Liang, S. Coberly, K. L. King, K. Kang, P. Roberts, M. Tsao, X. Xu, et al. The glycotope-specific RAV12 monoclonal antibody induces oncosis in vitro and has antitumor activity against gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma tumor xenografts in vivo Mol. Cancer Ther., March 1, 2007; 6(3): 856 - 865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Garcia, N. Callewaert, and L. Borsig P-selectin mediates metastatic progression through binding to sulfatides on tumor cells Glycobiology, February 1, 2007; 17(2): 185 - 196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. R. Drake, E. E. Schwegler, G. Malik, J. Diaz, T. Block, A. Mehta, and O. J. Semmes Lectin Capture Strategies Combined with Mass Spectrometry for the Discovery of Serum Glycoprotein Biomarkers Mol. Cell. Proteomics, October 1, 2006; 5(10): 1957 - 1967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Jiang, X. Chen, J. Shen, Y. Wei, T. Wu, Y. Yang, H. Wang, H. Zong, J. Yang, S. Zhang, et al. beta1,4-Galactosyltransferase V Functions as a Positive Growth Regulator in Glioma J. Biol. Chem., April 7, 2006; 281(14): 9482 - 9489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Ueno, S. Saito, T. Wada, K. Yamaguchi, M. Satoh, Y. Arai, and T. Miyagi Plasma Membrane-associated Sialidase Is Up-regulated in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Promotes Interleukin-6-induced Apoptosis Suppression and Cell Motility J. Biol. Chem., March 24, 2006; 281(12): 7756 - 7764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. G. Wahrenbrock and A. Varki Multiple Hepatic Receptors Cooperate to Eliminate Secretory Mucins Aberrantly Entering the Bloodstream: Are Circulating Cancer Mucins the "Tip of the Iceberg"? Cancer Res., February 15, 2006; 66(4): 2433 - 2441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Laubli, J. L. Stevenson, A. Varki, N. M. Varki, and L. Borsig L-Selectin Facilitation of Metastasis Involves Temporal Induction of Fut7-Dependent Ligands at Sites of Tumor Cell Arrest Cancer Res., February 1, 2006; 66(3): 1536 - 1542. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
O. Kovbasnjuk, R. Mourtazina, B. Baibakov, T. Wang, C. Elowsky, M. A. Choti, A. Kane, and M. Donowitz The glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide in the metastatic transformation of colon cancer PNAS, December 27, 2005; 102(52): 19087 - 19092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
W.-S. Chen, H.-Y. Chang, C.-P. Li, J. M. Liu, and T.-S. Huang Tumor {beta}-1,4-Galactosyltransferase IV Overexpression Is Closely Associated with Colorectal Cancer Metastasis and Poor Prognosis Clin. Cancer Res., December 15, 2005; 11(24): 8615 - 8622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. F. Siddiqui, J. Pawelek, T. Handerson, C.-Y. Lin, R. B. Dickson, D. L. Rimm, and R. L. Camp Coexpression of {beta}1,6-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V Glycoprotein Substrates Defines Aggressive Breast Cancers with Poor Outcome Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., November 1, 2005; 14(11): 2517 - 2523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Suriano, S. K. Ghosh, B. T. Ashok, A. Mittelman, Y. Chen, A. Banerjee, and R. K. Tiwari Differences in Glycosylation Patterns of Heat Shock Protein, gp96: Implications for Prostate Cancer Prevention Cancer Res., July 15, 2005; 65(14): 6466 - 6475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. D. Belanger and Y. St-Pierre Role of selectins in the triggering, growth, and dissemination of T-lymphoma cells: implication of L-selectin in the growth of thymic lymphoma Blood, June 15, 2005; 105(12): 4800 - 4806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Handerson, R. Camp, M. Harigopal, D. Rimm, and J. Pawelek {beta}1,6-Branched Oligosaccharides Are Increased in Lymph Node Metastases and Predict Poor Outcome in Breast Carcinoma Clin. Cancer Res., April 15, 2005; 11(8): 2969 - 2973. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Terada, K.-H. Khoo, R. Inoue, C.-I Chen, K. Yamada, H. Sakaguchi, N. Kadowaki, B. Y. Ma, S. Oka, T. Kawasaki, et al. Characterization of Oligosaccharide Ligands Expressed on SW1116 Cells Recognized by Mannan-binding Protein: A HIGHLY FUCOSYLATED POLYLACTOSAMINE TYPE N-GLYCAN J. Biol. Chem., March 25, 2005; 280(12): 10897 - 10913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Ma, J. Zhou, S. Fan, L. Wang, X. Li, Q. Yan, M. Zhou, H. Liu, Q. Zhang, H. Zhou, et al. Role of a novel EGF-like domain-containing gene NGX6 in cell adhesion modulation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells Carcinogenesis, February 1, 2005; 26(2): 281 - 291. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Miura, M. Kainuma, H. Jiang, H. Velasco, P. K. Vogt, and S. Hakomori Reversion of the Jun-induced oncogenic phenotype by enhanced synthesis of sialosyllactosylceramide (GM3 ganglioside) PNAS, November 16, 2004; 101(46): 16204 - 16209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Tsutsumi, T. Yanagawa, T. Shimura, H. Kuwano, and A. Raz Autocrine Motility Factor Signaling Enhances Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis Clin. Cancer Res., November 15, 2004; 10(22): 7775 - 7784. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Miyazaki, K. Ohmori, M. Izawa, T. Koike, K. Kumamoto, K. Furukawa, T. Ando, M. Kiso, T. Yamaji, Y. Hashimoto, et al. Loss of Disialyl Lewisa, the Ligand for Lymphocyte Inhibitory Receptor Sialic Acid-Binding Immunoglobulin-Like Lectin-7 (Siglec-7) Associated with Increased Sialyl Lewisa Expression on Human Colon Cancers Cancer Res., July 1, 2004; 64(13): 4498 - 4505. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Kaufmann, S. Muller, F.-G. Hanisch, U. Hartmann, M. Paulsson, P. Maurer, and F. Zaucke Structural variability of BM-40/SPARC/osteonectin glycosylation: implications for collagen affinity Glycobiology, July 1, 2004; 14(7): 609 - 619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
W. Zou, S. Borrelli, M. Gilbert, T. Liu, R. A. Pon, and H. J. Jennings Bioengineering of Surface GD3 Ganglioside for Immunotargeting Human Melanoma Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 11, 2004; 279(24): 25390 - 25399. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Koike, N. Kimura, K. Miyazaki, T. Yabuta, K. Kumamoto, S. Takenoshita, J. Chen, M. Kobayashi, M. Hosokawa, A. Taniguchi, et al. Hypoxia induces adhesion molecules on cancer cells: A missing link between Warburg effect and induction of selectin-ligand carbohydrates PNAS, May 25, 2004; 101(21): 8132 - 8137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. de Albuquerque Garcia Redondo, C. V. Nakamura, W. de Souza, and J. A. Morgado-Diaz Differential Expression of Sialic Acid and N-acetylgalactosamine Residues on the Cell Surface of Intestinal Epithelial Cells According to Normal or Metastatic Potential J. Histochem. Cytochem., May 1, 2004; 52(5): 629 - 640. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. Papini, L. Anastasia, C. Tringali, G. Croci, R. Bresciani, K. Yamaguchi, T. Miyagi, A. Preti, A. Prinetti, S. Prioni, et al. The Plasma Membrane-associated Sialidase MmNEU3 Modifies the Ganglioside Pattern of Adjacent Cells Supporting Its Involvement in Cell-to-Cell Interactions J. Biol. Chem., April 23, 2004; 279(17): 16989 - 16995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Hettmer, C. Malott, W. Woods, S. Ladisch, and K. Kaucic Biological Stratification of Human Neuroblastoma by Complex "B" Pathway Ganglioside Expression Cancer Res., November 1, 2003; 63(21): 7270 - 7276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Kohno and Y. Igarashi Truncation of the N-Terminal Ectodomain Has Implications in the N-Glycosylation and Transport to the Cell Surface of Edg-1/S1P1 Receptor J. Biochem., November 1, 2003; 134(5): 667 - 673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Nakahara, E. Miyoshi, K. Noda, S. Ihara, J. Gu, K. Honke, H. Inohara, T. Kubo, and N. Taniguchi Involvement of oligosaccharide changes in {alpha}5{beta}1 integrin in a cisplatin-resistant human squamous cell carcinoma cell line Mol. Cancer Ther., November 1, 2003; 2(11): 1207 - 1214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Handerson and J. M. Pawelek {beta}1,6-branched Oligosaccharides and Coarse Vesicles: A Common, Pervasive Phenotype in Melanoma and Other Human Cancers Cancer Res., September 1, 2003; 63(17): 5363 - 5369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Saito, H. Aoki, A. Ito, S. Ueno, T. Wada, K. Mitsuzuka, M. Satoh, Y. Arai, and T. Miyagi Human {alpha}2,3-Sialyltransferase (ST3Gal II) Is a Stage-specific Embryonic Antigen-4 Synthase J. Biol. Chem., July 11, 2003; 278(29): 26474 - 26479. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
X.-Q. Wang, P. Sun, and A. S. Paller Ganglioside GM3 Inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Activation and Disrupts Its Association with Integrin J. Biol. Chem., July 3, 2003; 278(28): 25591 - 25599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Weiss, S. Hettmer, P. Smith, and S. Ladisch Inhibition of Melanoma Tumor Growth by a Novel Inhibitor of Glucosylceramide Synthase Cancer Res., July 1, 2003; 63(13): 3654 - 3658. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Prinetti, L. Basso, V. Appierto, M. G. Villani, M. Valsecchi, N. Loberto, S. Prioni, V. Chigorno, E. Cavadini, F. Formelli, et al. Altered Sphingolipid Metabolism in N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)- retinamide-resistant A2780 Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cells J. Biol. Chem., February 14, 2003; 278(8): 5574 - 5583. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Pan, H. Yeger, and E. Cutz Neuronal Developmental Marker FORSE-1 Identifies a Putative Progenitor of the Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Lineage During Lung Development J. Histochem. Cytochem., December 1, 2002; 50(12): 1567 - 1578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Marionneau, B. Le Moullac-Vaidye, and J. Le Pendu Expression of histo-blood group A antigen increases resistance to apoptosis and facilitates escape from immune control of rat colon carcinoma cells Glycobiology, December 1, 2002; 12(12): 851 - 856. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H.-B. Guo, I. Lee, M. Kamar, S. K. Akiyama, and M. Pierce Aberrant N-Glycosylation of {beta}1 Integrin Causes Reduced {alpha}5{beta}1 Integrin Clustering and Stimulates Cell Migration Cancer Res., December 1, 2002; 62(23): 6837 - 6845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. G. Ellies, M. Sperandio, G. H. Underhill, J. Yousif, M. Smith, J. J. Priatel, G. S. Kansas, K. Ley, and J. D. Marth Sialyltransferase specificity in selectin ligand formation Blood, November 15, 2002; 100(10): 3618 - 3625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Tei, N. Kawakami-Kimura, O. Taguchi, K. Kumamoto, S. Higashiyama, N. Taniguchi, K.'i. Toda, R. Kawata, Y. Hisa, and R. Kannagi Roles of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Tumor Angiogenesis Induced by Cotransplantation of Cancer and Endothelial Cells to Nude Rats Cancer Res., November 1, 2002; 62(21): 6289 - 6296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P.-A. Trinel, E. Maes, J.-P. Zanetta, F. Delplace, B. Coddeville, T. Jouault, G. Strecker, and D. Poulain Candida albicans Phospholipomannan, a New Member of the Fungal Mannose Inositol Phosphoceramide Family J. Biol. Chem., September 27, 2002; 277(40): 37260 - 37271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. T. Martin, J. D. Marth, A. Varki, and N. M. Varki Genetically Altered Mice with Different Sialyltransferase Deficiencies Show Tissue-specific Alterations in Sialylation and Sialic Acid 9-O-Acetylation J. Biol. Chem., August 30, 2002; 277(36): 32930 - 32938. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Hakomori Glycosylation defining cancer malignancy: New wine in an old bottle PNAS, August 6, 2002; 99(16): 10231 - 10233. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Kakugawa, T. Wada, K. Yamaguchi, H. Yamanami, K. Ouchi, I. Sato, and T. Miyagi Up-regulation of plasma membrane-associated ganglioside sialidase (Neu3) in human colon cancer and its involvement in apoptosis suppression PNAS, August 6, 2002; 99(16): 10718 - 10723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
F. Alves, U. Borchers, H. Keim, R. Fortte, J. Olschimke, W. F. Vogel, H. Halfter, and L. F. Tietze Inhibition of EGF-mediated receptor activity and cell proliferation by HK1-ceramide, a stable analog of the ganglioside GM3-lactone Glycobiology, August 1, 2002; 12(8): 517 - 522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Watanabe, C. Ohyama, H. Aoki, T. Takahashi, M. Satoh, S. Saito, S. Hoshi, A. Ishii, M. Saito, and Y. Arai Ganglioside GM3 Overexpression Induces Apoptosis and Reduces Malignant Potential in Murine Bladder Cancer Cancer Res., July 1, 2002; 62(13): 3850 - 3854. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
V. Sriram, S. Cho, P. Li, P. W. O'Donnell, C. Dunn, K. Hayakawa, J. S. Blum, and R. R. Brutkiewicz Inhibition of glycolipid shedding rescues recognition of a CD1+ T cell lymphoma by natural killer T (NKT) cells PNAS, June 11, 2002; 99(12): 8197 - 8202. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
|