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Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Its Receptor, and Other Angiogenic Factors in Human Breast Cancer

Tumor Biology and Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 [H. Y., D. E., U. P.], and Department of Genetics, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan [M. S.]

Angiogenesis is essential for the growth and metatasis of solid tumors. In this study, we examined gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); its receptor, flt-1; basic fibroblast growth factor; and transforming growth factors (TGFs) and ß in 18 paired cases of human breast carcinomas and the adjacent nonneoplastic tissues. In all of the paired cases, VEGF expression was markedly increased in the carcinomas. In contrast, an insignificant difference was observed in the expression of flt-1, basic fibroblast growth factor, TGF-, and TGF-ß between the malignant breast tissue and the nonneoplastic counterpart. Immunostaining showed variable VEGF positivity of the malignant cells, whereas the nonneoplastic breast epithelial cells were negative. The findings of this study suggest that VEGF is an important angiogenic factor in human breast cancer.

¹ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Tumor Biology and Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, Division of Basic Science, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 37, Room 2D02, Bethesda, MD 20892.

Received 2/ 8/96. Accepted 3/18/96.

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