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Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 [H. A., Y. H., T. I., R. T., C. M.]; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Tokyo 153 [T. K.]; Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer [M. T., A. Y.] and the Biological Institute [K. Y.], Tohoku University, Sendai 980; Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute in Collaboration with Merck Research Laboratories, Tsukuba 300-26 [M. A., K. F., T. Y., S. N.]; and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 [H. I., E. O.], Japan
8-Hydroxyguanine (8-OH-G) is one of the major DNA oxidation products implicated in mutagenesis induced by oxygen radical-forming agents, including ionizing radiation. It is also believed to be involved in spontaneous mutation induced by metabolically produced oxygen radicals. A mammalian homologue of 8-OH-G glycosylase/apurinic, apyrimidinic lyase (mutM homologue, MMH) has been identified in the EST database (for expressed sequence tags) through a homology search with yeast OGG1 protein. The human MMH protein (hMMH), 34% identical to the yeast OGG1 protein, is a member of the DNA repair protein superfamily. The hMMH gene was composed of seven exons, with the alternate last exon, exon 8, producing three major alternative splicing isoforms, because splicing of the sixth intron was optional. The hMMH protein expressed in Escherichia coli revealed the glycosylase activity and apurinic, apyrimidinic lyase activity on duplex DNA containing 8-OH-G. The hMMH protein can rescue a spontaneous mutator strain of E. coli lacking mutM and mutY. By the introduction of recombinant hMMH, the rate of mutation, the formation of rifampicin-resistant revertants, was reduced by 4–7 fold. Genomic structure analysis showed that 3' exons of the hMMH gene are transcribed on the antisense strand of the calcium-dependent calmodulin kinase 1 gene.
1 This work was supported in part by grants from the Japanese Ministry of Education (to H. A. and T. K.).
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed. Phone/Fax: 81-3-5689-0723; E-mail: haburata-tky@umin.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Received 2/17/97. Accepted 3/27/97.
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