[Cancer Research 57, 3381-3385, August 15, 1997]
© 1997 American Association for Cancer Research
Prognostic Role of the Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer1
Vincenzo Esposito2,
Alfonso Baldi2,3,,
Antonio De Luca,
Angela M. Groger4,
Massimo Loda,
Giovan Giacomo Giordano,
Mario Caputi,
Feliciano Baldi,
Michele Pagano and
Antonio Giordano5
Departments of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107 [V. E., A. B., A. D. L., A. M. G., A. G.]; Istituto di Tisiologia e Malattie Respiratorie "S. Marcatili," Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy [V. E., M. C.]; Department of Pathology, Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1 Deaconess Road, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 [M. L.]; Istituto di Anatomia e Istologia Patologica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy [G. G. G., F. B.]; and Department of Pathology, MSB 548, New York University Medical Center and Kaplan Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York 10016 [M. P.]
Despite its potential role as a tumor suppressor, p27 gene, a member of the Cip/Kip family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor genes, has never been found mutated in human tumors. We investigated p27 protein expression in a series of 108 non-small cell lung cancers (57.4% stage 1, 16.7% stage 2, and 25.9% stage 3) to determine whether the lack or altered expression of this protein correlates with neoplastic transformation and/or progression. We performed immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis of each specimen. We found that tumors expressing low to undetectable levels of p27 contained high p27 degradation activity. When we evaluated the outcome of the patients in relationship to p27 expression, we found p27 to be a prognostic factor correlating with the overall survival times (P = 0.0012).
The possibility of a simple assay, such as the immunohistochemical analysis of p27 expression on routinely formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens, has considerable value for the prognosis of patients who undergo surgical resection. In addition, confirmation of the involvement of the proteasome-mediated proteolysis in p27 degradation should stimulate new strategies of nonsurgical treatments of non-small cell lung cancer.
1 This work was supported by Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine. NIH Grants RO1 CA60999-01A1 and PO1 N536466, and The Council for Tobacco Research (to A. G.). M. P. is in part supported by an NIH Grant CA66229-02. V. E. is supported by a fellowship from the Second Università di Napoli (Dottorato di Ricerca in Broncopneumologia). A. D. L. is supported by an Advanced Fellowship NATO-CNR.
2 These authors have contributed equally to this work.
3 Present address: Laboratory of Neuroscience, Libero Istituto Universitario C. B. M., Rome, Italy.
4 On leave of absence from the Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery of the University of Vienna, Austria.
5 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Room 226, 1020 Locust St., Philadelphia, PA 19107. Fax: (215) 923-9626.
Received 5/15/97.
Accepted 7/ 2/97.
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