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Does Oral Contraceptive Use Increase the Risk of Breast Cancer in Women with BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutations More Than in Other Women?¹

Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California 90033

We conducted a study to determine whether the risk of breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive (OC) use is higher in women with BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations than in other women by examining whether breast cancer patients with these mutations were more likely than breast cancer patients without mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2 to have used OCs. We tested for BRCA1 185delAG and 5382insC and BRCA2 6174delT mutations in a population-based sample of 50 young Ashkenazi Jewish breast cancer patients. Nine patients (18%) had a BRCA1 mutation, and five patients (10%) had a BRCA2 mutation. Long-term OC use (>48 months) before a first full-term pregnancy was associated with an elevated risk of being classified as a mutBRCA carrier (odds ratio, 7.8; trend, P = 0.004). The results suggest that OC use may increase the risk of breast cancer more in mutBRCA carriers than in noncarriers; however, they must be interpreted with caution given the small sample size.

¹ Supported in part by USPHS Grants CA44546 and CA17054 from the National Cancer Institute, NIH and Human Services; and by the California Department of Health Services as part of its statewide cancer-reporting program, mandated by Health and Safety Code Section 210 and 211.3. The ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors, and no endorsement by the State of California Department of Health Services or the California Public Health Foundation is intended or should be inferred.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Room 4408, Los Angeles, CA 90033. Phone: (213) 764-0423; Fax: (213) 764-0142.

Received 5/30/97. Accepted 7/16/97.

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