This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Gollnick, S. O. Articles by Henderson, B. W. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Gollnick, S. O. Articles by Henderson, B. W.

Altered Expression of Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 10 As a Result of Photodynamic Therapy in Vivo¹

Departments of Molecular Medicine [S. O. G.], Radiation Biology [B. O., X. L., B. W. H.], and Dermatology [D. A. M.], Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which can effectively destroy malignant tissue, also induces a complex immune response that potentiates antitumor immunity but also inhibits skin contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and prolongs skin graft survival. The underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects are poorly understood but are likely to involve mediation by cytokines. We demonstrate in a BALB/c mouse model that PDT delivered to normal and tumor tissue in vivo causes marked changes in the expression of cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 but not tumor necrosis factor . IL-6 mRNA and protein are strongly enhanced in the PDT-treated EMT6 tumor. PDT also increased IL-6 mRNA in exposed spleen and skin. These data suggest that the general inflammatory response to PDT may be mediated at least in part by IL-6. In addition, IL-6 may modulate the local antitumor immune response. In contrast, IL-10 mRNA in the tumor decreases following PDT. Most importantly, IL-10 is markedly induced in the skin of mice exposed to a PDT regime that strongly inhibits the CHS response, and the kinetics of IL-10 induction coincide with the known kinetics of CHS inhibition. We propose that the enhanced IL-10 expression plays a role in the observed suppression of cell-mediated responses seen following PDT.

¹ This work was supported by NIH Grant CA55791b (to B. W. H.). S. O. G. was partially supported by NIH Grant HD17013 and a grant from the Elisabeth and Peter Tower Foundation. D. A. M. was supported by NIH Grant CA55791c.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Radiation Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263.

Received 7/ 2/97. Accepted 7/29/97.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				P. C. Kousis, B. W. Henderson, P. G. Maier, and S. O. Gollnick Photodynamic Therapy Enhancement of Antitumor Immunity Is Regulated by Neutrophils Cancer Res., November 1, 2007; 67(21): 10501 - 10510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Saji, W. Song, K. Furumoto, H. Kato, and E. G. Engleman Systemic Antitumor Effect of Intratumoral Injection of Dendritic Cells in Combination with Local Photodynamic Therapy Clin. Cancer Res., April 15, 2006; 12(8): 2568 - 2574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Korbelik, J. Sun, and I. Cecic Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Cell Surface Expression and Release of Heat Shock Proteins: Relevance for Tumor Response Cancer Res., February 1, 2005; 65(3): 1018 - 1026. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Liu, A. R. Oseroff, and H. Baumann Photodynamic Therapy Causes Cross-linking of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Proteins and Attenuation of Interleukin-6 Cytokine Responsiveness in Epithelial Cells Cancer Res., September 15, 2004; 64(18): 6579 - 6587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Jalili, M. Makowski, T. Switaj, D. Nowis, G. M. Wilczynski, E. Wilczek, M. Chorazy-Massalska, A. Radzikowska, W. Maslinski, L. Bialy, et al. Effective Photoimmunotherapy of Murine Colon Carcinoma Induced by the Combination of Photodynamic Therapy and Dendritic Cells Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2004; 10(13): 4498 - 4508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. W. Henderson, S. O. Gollnick, J. W. Snyder, T. M. Busch, P. C. Kousis, R. T. Cheney, and J. Morgan Choice of Oxygen-Conserving Treatment Regimen Determines the Inflammatory Response and Outcome of Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors Cancer Res., March 15, 2004; 64(6): 2120 - 2126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T.-W. Wong, E. Tracy, A. R Oseroff, and H. Baumann Photodynamic Therapy Mediates Immediate Loss of Cellular Responsiveness to Cytokines and Growth Factors Cancer Res., July 1, 2003; 63(13): 3812 - 3818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. R. Chen, H. Liu, J. W. Ritchey, K. E. Bartels, M. D. Lucroy, and R. E. Nordquist Effect of Different Components of Laser Immunotherapy in Treatment of Metastatic Tumors in Rats Cancer Res., August 1, 2002; 62(15): 4295 - 4299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				U. Schmidt-Erfurth, H. Laqua, U. Schlotzer-Schrehard, A. Viestenz, and G. O. H. Naumann Histopathological Changes Following Photodynamic Therapy in Human Eyes Arch Ophthalmol, June 1, 2002; 120(6): 835 - 844. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. C. Luna, X. Chen, S. Wong, J. Tsui, N. Rucker, A. S. Lee, and C. J. Gomer Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy with Inducible Suicide Gene Therapy Controlled by the grp Promoter Cancer Res., March 1, 2002; 62(5): 1458 - 1461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. O. Gollnick, L. Vaughan, and B. W. Henderson Generation of Effective Antitumor Vaccines Using Photodynamic Therapy Cancer Res., March 1, 2002; 62(6): 1604 - 1608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. C. Luna, A. Ferrario, S. Wong, A. M. R. Fisher, and C. J. Gomer Photodynamic Therapy-mediated Oxidative Stress as a Molecular Switch for the Temporal Expression of Genes Ligated to the Human Heat Shock Promoter Cancer Res., March 1, 2000; 60(6): 1637 - 1644. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				G. O. Simkin, J.-S. Tao, J. G. Levy, and D. W. C. Hunt IL-10 Contributes to the Inhibition of Contact Hypersensitivity in Mice Treated with Photodynamic Therapy J. Immunol., March 1, 2000; 164(5): 2457 - 2462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. J. Granville, C. M. Carthy, H. Jiang, J. G. Levy, B. M. McManus, J.-Y. Matroule, J. Piette, and D. W. C. Hunt Nuclear factor-kappa B activation by the photochemotherapeutic agent verteporfin Blood, January 1, 2000; 95(1): 256 - 262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Korbelik and G. J. Dougherty Photodynamic Therapy-mediated Immune Response against Subcutaneous Mouse Tumors Cancer Res., April 1, 1999; 59(8): 1941 - 1946. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-Y. Matroule, G. Bonizzi, P. Morliere, N. Paillous, R. Santus, V. Bours, and J. Piette Pyropheophorbide-a Methyl Ester-mediated Photosensitization Activates Transcription Factor NF-kappa B through the Interleukin-1 Receptor-dependent Signaling Pathway J. Biol. Chem., January 29, 1999; 274(5): 2988 - 3000. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]