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Somatic Mutations of the MEN1 Tumor Suppressor Gene in Sporadic Gastrinomas and Insulinomas

Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute [Z. Z., A. O. V., S. P., S. H., T. A. P., C. W., W-S. P., L. V. D., M. R. E-B., L. A. L., I. A. L.]; Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [S. K. A., M. K., C. H., A. M. S., A. L. B., S. J. M.]; Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Human Genome Research Institute [S. C. G., P. M., S-E. O., J. S. C., S. C. C., F. S. C.]; Digestive Diseases [F. Y., R. T. J.] and Diabetes Branches [M. C. S.], National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; and Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute [D. J. V.], NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892

Gastrinomas and insulinomas are frequent in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). The MEN1 tumor suppressor gene was recently identified. To elucidate the etiological role of the MEN1 gene in sporadic enteropancreatic endocrine tumorigenesis, we analyzed tumors (28 gastrinomas and 12 insulinomas) from 40 patients for MEN1 gene mutations and allelic deletions. One copy of the MEN1 gene was found to be deleted in 25 of 27 (93%) sporadic gastrinomas and in 6 of 12 (50%) sporadic insulinomas. MEN1 gene mutations were identified in 9 of 27 (33%) sporadic gastrinomas and 2 of 12 (17%) insulinomas and were not seen in corresponding germ-line DNA sequence. A specific MEN1 mutation was detected in one gastrinoma and in the corresponding germ-line DNA of a patient who had no family history of MEN1. Somatic MEN1 gene mutations and deletions play a critical role in the tumorigenesis of sporadic gastrinomas and may also contribute to the development of a subgroup of insulinomas.

¹ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 10, Room 2N212, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892. Phone: (301) 496-0549; Fax: (301) 402-0043.

Received 7/31/97. Accepted 9/22/97.

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