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Division of Hematology/Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D. C. 20007-2197
ß-Catenin plays essential roles in both intercellular adhesion and signal transduction. As a signaling molecule, ß-catenin supplies an activating domain to the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor family of DNA-binding proteins and activates gene transcription. Posttranslational stabilization of ß-catenin, leading to elevated protein levels and constitutive gene activation, has been proposed as an important step in oncogenesis. Stabilization of ß-catenin can occur through mutation to highly conserved amino acids encoded in exon 3 of the ß-catenin gene (CTNNB1). To determine whether this pathway of malignant transformation is important in prostate cancer, we analyzed 104 prostate cancer tissue specimens, 4 prostate cancer cell lines, and 3 prostate tumor xenografts for activating mutations in exon 3 of CTNNB1. Mutations were detected in 5 of the 104 prostate cancer tissue samples. Four of the five mutations involved serine or threonine residues implicated in the degradation of ß-catenin. A fifth tumor had a mutation at codon 32, changing a highly conserved aspartic acid to a tyrosine. Mutational analysis of multiple regions from several tumor samples showed that the ß-catenin mutations were present focally and therefore may occur during tumor progression.
1 This work was supported in part by an award from the CaPCURE Foundation. The Macromolecular Synthesis and Sequencing Core Facility of Lombardi Cancer Center is supported by USPHS Grant P30-CA-51008.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Lombardi Cancer Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, D.C. 20007-2197. Phone: (202) 687-2207; Fax: (202) 784-1229; E-mail: gelmanne@gunet.georgetown.edu.
Received 3/ 2/98. Accepted 4/28/98.
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