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Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin [F. O., E. S., G. P., B. P., A. T., A. A.], and Department of Pathology, San Luigi Hospital [S. C., P. D. G.], 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
Galectin-3 is a carbohydrate-binding protein endowed with an affinity for ß-galactosides. It has been shown to play an important role in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and in pre-mRNA splicing. Furthermore, it is involved in the control of cell growth, neoplastic transformation, and metastasis. Interestingly, high levels of galectin-3 expression have been recently described in malignant thyroid neoplasias, but not in adenomas or in normal thyroid tissue. We investigated galectin-3 expression in human presurgical specimens obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. We analyzed galectin-3 expression by immunoperoxidase staining in both paraffin-embedded cytological thyroid sediments (cell blocks) obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy and their histological counterparts. A total of 64 samples were examined: 17 follicular carcinomas; 18 papillary carcinomas; and 29 follicular adenomas. All cell blocks and histological samples of papillary carcinomas expressed high levels of galectin-3 at either the cytoplasmic or nuclear level. Among follicular carcinomas, all histological samples expressed galectin-3, whereas 14 of 17 corresponding cell blocks were positive in the cytoplasm. No evidence of cytoplasmic galectin-3 expression was observed in 26 of 29 follicular adenomas. Hence, cytoplasmic galectin-3 staining seems to be a reliable, easy, and cheap marker for presurgical diagnosis of follicular carcinomas and an even more suitable one for papillary carcinomas.
1 Supported by the Ministero per l'Università e la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (Rome, Italy) and by Fondazione La Stampa, Specchio dei Tempi (Turin, Italy).
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy. Phone: 39-11-9026513; Fax: 39-11-9038655; E-mail: orlandi@pasteur.sluigi.unito.it.
Received 1/12/98. Accepted 5/12/98.
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