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[Cancer Research 59, 279-284, January 1, 1999]
© 1999 American Association for Cancer Research
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[Cancer Research 59, 279-284, January 15, 1999]
© 1999 American Association for Cancer Research

Advances in Brief

Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Associated with Prostate Cancer Progression1

Daniel Gioeli, James W. Mandell, Gina R. Petroni, Henry F. Frierson, Jr. and Michael J. Weber2

Departments of Microbiology and Cancer Center [D. G., M. J. W.], Pathology [J. W. M., H. F. F.], and Health Evaluation Services [G. R. P.], University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908

Using an antibody specific for dually phosphorylated extracellular-regulated kinases 1 and 2, we have examined 82 primary and metastatic prostate tumor specimens for the presence of activated mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. Nonneoplastic prostate tissue showed little or no staining with activated MAP kinase antiserum. In prostate tumors, the level of activated MAP kinase increased with increasing Gleason score and tumor stage. In a separate analysis, tumor samples from two patients showed no activation of MAP kinase before androgen ablation therapy; however, following androgen ablation treatment, high levels of activated MAP kinase were detected in the recurrent tumors. Collectively, these data suggest an increase in the activation of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway as prostate cancer progresses to a more advanced and androgen-independent disease.




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Cancer Res., November 1, 2002; 62(21): 6039 - 6044.
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 CarcinogenesisHome page
C. Agarwal, R. P. Singh, and R. Agarwal
Grape seed extract induces apoptotic death of human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells via caspases activation accompanied by dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release
Carcinogenesis, November 1, 2002; 23(11): 1869 - 1876.
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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
T. Ueda, N. R. Mawji, N. Bruchovsky, and M. D. Sadar
Ligand-independent Activation of the Androgen Receptor by Interleukin-6 and the Role of Steroid Receptor Coactivator-1 in Prostate Cancer Cells
J. Biol. Chem., October 4, 2002; 277(41): 38087 - 38094.
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 Cancer Res.Home page
I. K. Mellinghoff, C. Tran, and C. L. Sawyers
Growth Inhibitory Effects of the Dual ErbB1/ErbB2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PKI-166 on Human Prostate Cancer Xenografts
Cancer Res., September 15, 2002; 62(18): 5254 - 5259.
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D. Gioeli, S. B. Ficarro, J. J. Kwiek, D. Aaronson, M. Hancock, A. D. Catling, F. M. White, R. E. Christian, R. E. Settlage, J. Shabanowitz, et al.
Androgen Receptor Phosphorylation. REGULATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE PHOSPHORYLATION SITES
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J. Dai, R. Shen, M. Sumitomo, R. Stahl, D. Navarro, M. C. Gershengorn, and D. M. Nanus
Synergistic Activation of the Androgen Receptor by Bombesin and Low-Dose Androgen
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J. Milanini-Mongiat, J. Pouyssegur, and G. Pages
Identification of Two Sp1 Phosphorylation Sites for p42/p44 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases. THEIR IMPLICATION IN VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR GENE TRANSCRIPTION
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 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
T. Karashima, P. Sweeney, J. W. Slaton, S. J. Kim, D. Kedar, J. I. Izawa, Z. Fan, C. Pettaway, D. J. Hicklin, T. Shuin, et al.
Inhibition of Angiogenesis by the Antiepidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibody ImClone C225 in Androgen-independent Prostate Cancer Growing Orthotopically in Nude Mice
Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2002; 8(5): 1253 - 1264.
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 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
S. N. Malik, M. Brattain, P. M. Ghosh, D. A. Troyer, T. Prihoda, R. Bedolla, and J. I. Kreisberg
Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Phospho-Akt in High Gleason Grade Prostate Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2002; 8(4): 1168 - 1171.
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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
T. Ueda, N. Bruchovsky, and M. D. Sadar
Activation of the Androgen Receptor N-terminal Domain by Interleukin-6 via MAPK and STAT3 Signal Transduction Pathways
J. Biol. Chem., February 22, 2002; 277(9): 7076 - 7085.
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 Cancer Res.Home page
C. Tognon, M. Garnett, E. Kenward, R. Kay, K. Morrison, and P. H. B. Sorensen
The Chimeric Protein Tyrosine Kinase ETV6-NTRK3 Requires both Ras-Erk1/2 and PI3-Kinase-Akt Signaling for Fibroblast Transformation
Cancer Res., December 1, 2001; 61(24): 8909 - 8916.
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 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
J. R. Graff, B. W. Konicek, J. A. Deddens, M. Chedid, B. M. Hurst, B. Colligan, B. L. Neubauer, H. W. Carter, and J. H. Carter
Expression of Group IIa Secretory Phospholipase A2 Increases with Prostate Tumor Grade
Clin. Cancer Res., December 1, 2001; 7(12): 3857 - 3861.
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 Cancer Res.Home page
H. Murillo, L. J. Schmidt, and D. J. Tindall
Tyrphostin AG825 Triggers p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase-dependent Apoptosis in Androgen-independent Prostate Cancer Cells C4 and C4-2
Cancer Res., October 1, 2001; 61(20): 7408 - 7412.
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J. Albanell, J. Codony-Servat, F. Rojo, J. M. Del Campo, S. Sauleda, J. Anido, G. Raspall, J. Giralt, J. Rosello, R. I. Nicholson, et al.
Activated Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinases: Association with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Transforming Growth Factor {alpha} Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma and Inhibition by Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Treatments
Cancer Res., September 1, 2001; 61(17): 6500 - 6510.
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 Cancer Res.Home page
N. Segawa, M. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, I. Mori, Y. Katsuoka, and K. Kakudo
Phosphorylation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase is Inhibited by Calcitonin in DU145 Prostate Cancer Cells
Cancer Res., August 1, 2001; 61(16): 6060 - 6063.
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 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
M. Sun, G. Wang, J. E. Paciga, R. I. Feldman, Z.-Q. Yuan, X.-L. Ma, S. A. Shelley, R. Jove, P. N. Tsichlis, S. V. Nicosia, et al.
AKT1/PKB{alpha} Kinase Is Frequently Elevated in Human Cancers and Its Constitutive Activation Is Required for Oncogenic Transformation in NIH3T3 Cells
Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2001; 159(2): 431 - 437.
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 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
S. Signoretti, R. Montironi, J. Manola, A. Altimari, C. Tam, G. Bubley, S. Balk, G. Thomas, I. Kaplan, L. Hlatky, et al.
Her-2-neu Expression and Progression Toward Androgen Independence in Human Prostate Cancer
J Natl Cancer Inst, December 6, 2000; 92(23): 1918 - 1925.
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 CarcinogenesisHome page
X. Zi, R. P. Singh, and R. Agarwal
Impairment of erbB1 receptor and fluid-phase endocytosis and associated mitogenic signaling by inositol hexaphosphate in human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells
Carcinogenesis, December 1, 2000; 21(12): 2225 - 2235.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
E. A. Sheta, M. A. Harding, M. R. Conaway, and D. Theodorescu
Focal Adhesion Kinase, Rap1, and Transcriptional Induction of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
J Natl Cancer Inst, July 5, 2000; 92(13): 1065 - 1073.
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T. M. Moore, R. Garg, C. Johnson, M. J. Coptcoat, A. J. Ridley, and J. D. H. Morris
PSK, a Novel STE20-like Kinase Derived from Prostatic Carcinoma That Activates the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway and Regulates Actin Cytoskeletal Organization
J. Biol. Chem., February 11, 2000; 275(6): 4311 - 4322.
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 EndocrinologyHome page
W.-S. Shim, M. Conaway, S. Masamura, W. Yue, J.-P. Wang, R. Kumar, and R. J. Santen
Estradiol Hypersensitivity and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Expression in Long-Term Estrogen Deprived Human Breast Cancer Cells in Vivo
Endocrinology, January 1, 2000; 141(1): 396 - 405.
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 Cancer Res.Home page
N. Craft, C. Chhor, C. Tran, A. Belldegrun, J. DeKernion, O. N. Witte, J. Said, R. E. Reiter, and C. L. Sawyers
Evidence for Clonal Outgrowth of Androgen-independent Prostate Cancer Cells from Androgen-dependent Tumors through a Two-Step Process
Cancer Res., October 1, 1999; 59(19): 5030 - 5036.
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 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
D. Ye, J. Mendelsohn, and Z. Fan
Androgen and Epidermal Growth Factor Down-Regulate Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27Kip1 and Costimulate Proliferation of MDA PCa 2a and MDA PCa 2b Prostate Cancer Cells
Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 1999; 5(8): 2171 - 2177.
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J. R. Graff, B. W. Konicek, A. M. McNulty, Z. Wang, K. Houck, S. Allen, J. D. Paul, A. Hbaiu, R. G. Goode, G. E. Sandusky, et al.
Increased AKT Activity Contributes to Prostate Cancer Progression by Dramatically Accelerating Prostate Tumor Growth and Diminishing p27Kip1 Expression
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R. Hoshino, S. Tanimura, K. Watanabe, T. Kataoka, and M. Kohno
Blockade of the Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Pathway Induces Marked G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Tumor Cells in Which the Pathway Is Constitutively Activated. UP-REGULATION OF p27Kip1
J. Biol. Chem., January 19, 2001; 276(4): 2686 - 2692.
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Effects of ligand activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in human prostate cancer
PNAS, September 26, 2000; 97(20): 10990 - 10995.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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