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Asbestos and DNA Double Strand Breaks¹

Department of Radiation Oncology–Biology Division, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0656 [R. O., R. L. U.]; National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263, Japan [S. T., S. Y.]; and Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032 [T. K. H.]

A radiosensitive DNA repair-deficient xrs-5 cell line was used to study asbestos cytotoxicity and DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Although xrs-5 cells did not show any increase in sensitivity to chrysotile fibers in short-term (4-h) treatment when compared with wild-type CHO cells, longer-term exposure (24 h) gave significantly lower cell survival accompanied by a cell growth delay as well as a higher DNA DSB induction in this mutant cell line. These results suggest an important role played by DNA DSBs at the initial stage of asbestos injury.

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