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Allelotype of Gastric Adenocarcinoma¹

Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology [A. S. Y., J. C. H., S. M. P.] and Biostatistics and Epidemiology [G. R. P.], and Department of Pathology [C. A. M.], University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908-0013, and Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 [O. W. C.]

Gastric adenocarcinoma is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Yet, the underlying molecular events important in the development of this cancer are largely undefined. Thus, we performed a comprehensive survey for allelic loss on our panel of xenografted human gastric carcinomas.

Contaminating normal stromal cells of primary cancers often limit mutational analyses. Xenografted samples of our gastric carcinomas provided optimally enriched tumors for neoplasia that clearly and sensitively demonstrated genetic alterations. Additionally, total absence of allelic signals in these xenografted samples confirmed true loss of alleles rather than just allelic imbalance.

Analysis of at least two highly polymorphic microsatellite markers per nonacrocentric chromosomal arm in our xenografted human gastric carcinomas demonstrated significant loss of heterozygosity well above background levels at 3p, 4p, 5q, 8p, 9p, 13q, 17p, and 18q. Several of these loci represent novel findings of significant loss in gastric cancers. On chromosome 17p, p53 is known to be inactivated either by mutation or deletion in a majority of gastric carcinomas. The critical target(s) of inactivation in gastric cancers at these other loci remain to be characterized.

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