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Is a Positive Factor in Solid Tumor Growth
Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, California 92093 [H. E. R., M. P., W. M., R. S. J.]; Cancer Genetics Program, University of California, San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California 94143 [D. E., J. M. A.]; and Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich-Irchel, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland [M. G.]
Deficiencies in oxygenation are widespread in solid tumors. The
transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1
is an
important mediator of the hypoxic response of tumor cells and controls
the up-regulation of a number of factors important for solid tumor
expansion, including the angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF). We have isolated two cell lines nullizygous for
HIF-1
, one from embryos genetically null for HIF-1
, and the other
from embryos carrying loxP-flanked alleles of the gene, which
allows for cre-mediated excision. The loss of HIF-1
negatively
affects tumor growth in these two sets of
H-ras-transformed cell lines, and this negative effect
is not due to deficient vascularization. Despite differences in VEGF
expression, vascular density is similar in wild-type and HIF-1
-null
tumors. The evidence from these experiments indicates that hypoxic
response via HIF-1
is an important positive factor in solid tumor
growth and that HIF-1
affects tumor expansion in ways unrelated to
its regulation of VEGF expression.
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