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Tumor Biology |
Departments of Medicine [H. K., A. E. G. L., J. T. F., C. L. A.], Cell Biology [C. L. A.], and Pathology [J. F. S., J. T. F.], Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center [C. L. A.] and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center [J. F. S., C. L. A.], Nashville, Tennessee 37232, and Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco, California 94080 [P. I. P., M. X. S.]
HER2/neu (erbB-2) overexpression has been causally associated with tamoxifen resistance in human breast cancer cells. Forced expression of HER2 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells resulted in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) hyperactivity and tamoxifen resistance. Inhibition of HER2 and MAPKs with AG1478 and U0126, respectively, as well as dominant-negative MEK-1/2 constructs restored the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen on estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated transcription and cell proliferation. Both AG1478 and U0126 also restored the tamoxifen-mediated association of ER with nuclear receptor corepressor (N-CoR) in the antiestrogen-resistant MCF-7 cells. Treatment with a combination of tamoxifen and a HER2 kinase inhibitor reduced tumor MAPK activity and markedly prevented growth of HER2-overexpressing MCF-7 xenografts in athymic mice. Thus, blockade of HER2 and MAPK signaling may enhance tamoxifen action and abrogate antiestrogen resistance in human breast cancer.
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