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Fusion of the NH₂-Terminal Domain of the Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein TCF12 to TEC in Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma with Translocation t(9;15)(q22;q21)¹

Lundberg Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Göteborg University, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas (EMCs) are characterized by recurrent t(9;22) or t(9;17) translocations resulting in fusions of the NH₂-terminal transactivation domains of EWS or TAF2N to the entire TEC protein. We report here an EMC with a novel translocation t(9;15)(q22;q21) and a third type of TEC-containing fusion gene. The chimeric transcript encodes a protein in which the first 108 amino acids of the NH₂-terminus of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein TCF12 is linked to the entire TEC protein. The translocation separates the NH₂-terminal domain of TCF12 from the bHLH domain as well as from a potential leucine zipper domain located immediately downstream of the breakpoint. These results demonstrate that the NH₂-terminal transactivation domains of EWS or TAF2N are not unique in their ability to convert the TEC protein into an oncogenically active fusion protein, and that they may be replaced by a domain from a bHLH protein that presumably endows the fusion protein with similar functions.

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