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Chain: A Novel Tumor-associated Transmembrane Protein in Primary Explants of Human Malignant Gliomas
Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics, Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 [B. H. J., R. K. P.], and Center for Surgery Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 [G. E. P.]
Human malignant glioma cell lines express high levels of interleukin-13
receptor (IL-13R). However, the subunit structure of this receptor in
primary brain tumor cells is not known. Herein, we examined the subunit
composition of IL-13R by analyzing the expression of four different
putative subunits of IL-13R complex in 25 primary explants of malignant
brain tumors. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) of RNA from
these tumor cells, normal astrocytes, and normal brain tissue showed
that transcripts of IL-13R 
chain were present in greater abundance
in malignant glioma cells compared with normal astrocytes or normal
brain tissues. The transcripts for two other chains
(e.g., IL-13R' and IL-4Rß), on the other hand,
yielded similar PCR positivity in brain tumors as well as in normal
samples, whereas transcripts for 
c chain were absent in all brain
tumor cells and normal tissues. The specificity of RT-PCR products for
these genes was confirmed by oligo liquid hybridization analysis using
a radiolabeled sequence-specific internal probe. Indirect
immunofluorescence studies for different receptor chains confirmed the
RT-PCR results and demonstrated a striking difference in the level of
expression of IL-13R protein between normal astrocytes and malignant
astrocytoma cells. These studies establish the IL-13R subunit as a
novel tumor-specific protein that may be useful as a tumor marker, a
target for cytotoxin/immunotoxin, or alternatively, a tumor-associated
antigen for active, specific immunotherapy.
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