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Advances in Brief |
Department of Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park Research Division, Smithville, Texas 78957
Studies were conducted with the final goal of identifying genes of interest mapping to the chromosome region 16q23.324.1, an area commonly affected by allelic losses in breast cancer. To this end we generated a detailed physical map of the genomic region spanning between sequence-tagged site markers D16S518 and D16S516. To identify candidate genes, we used shotgun genomic sequencing as well as isolation and analysis of transcripts mapping to the area of interest. We identified and cloned a novel gene, the genomic structure of which spans the whole region of interest. We named this gene WWOX because it contains two WW domains coupled to a region with high homology to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family of enzymes. The ORF of WWOX is 1245 bp long, encoding a 414-amino acid protein. This gene is composed of nine exons. We performed a mutation screening of WWOX exons in a panel of breast cancer lines, most of which are hemizygous for the 16q genomic region indicated. We found no evidence of mutations, thus indicating that WWOX is probably not a tumor suppressor gene. However, we observed that one case of homozygous deletion as well as two previously described translocation breakpoints map to intronic regions of this gene. We speculate that WWOX may span the yet uncharacterized common fragile site FRA16D region. In expression studies we found overexpression of WWOX in breast cancer cell lines when compared with normal breast cells and tissues. The highest normal expression of WWOX was observed in hormonally regulated tissues such as testis, ovary, and prostate. This expression pattern and the presence of a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase domain and specific amino acid features suggest a role for WWOX in steroid metabolism. Interestingly, the presence of WW domains in the structure of WWOX indicate the likelihood that this protein physically interacts with other proteins. The unique features of WWOX and its possible association with cancer processes make it an interesting target for further investigation.
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T. W. Glover, M. F. Arlt, A. M. Casper, and S. G. Durkin Mechanisms of common fragile site instability Hum. Mol. Genet., October 15, 2005; 14(suppl_2): R197 - R205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Finnis, S. Dayan, L. Hobson, G. Chenevix-Trench, K. Friend, K. Ried, D. Venter, E. Woollatt, E. Baker, and R. I. Richards Common chromosomal fragile site FRA16D mutation in cancer cells Hum. Mol. Genet., May 15, 2005; 14(10): 1341 - 1349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Ishii, K. Mimori, T. Inageta, Y. Murakumo, A. Vecchione, M. Mori, and Y. Furukawa Components of DNA Damage Checkpoint Pathway Regulate UV Exposure-Dependent Alterations of Gene Expression of FHIT and WWOX at Chromosome Fragile Sites Mol. Cancer Res., March 1, 2005; 3(3): 130 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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E. S. Hwang, S. DeVries, K. L. Chew, D. H. Moore II, K. Kerlikowske, A. Thor, B.-M. Ljung, and F. M. Waldman Patterns of Chromosomal Alterations in Breast Ductal Carcinoma In situ Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 2004; 10(15): 5160 - 5167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. I. Aqeilan, T. Kuroki, Y. Pekarsky, O. Albagha, F. Trapasso, R. Baffa, K. Huebner, P. Edmonds, and C. M. Croce Loss of WWOX Expression in Gastric Carcinoma Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2004; 10(9): 3053 - 3058. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Kuroki, S. Yendamuri, F. Trapasso, A. Matsuyama, R. I. Aqeilan, H. Alder, S. Rattan, R. Cesari, M. L. Nolli, N. N. Williams, et al. The Tumor Suppressor Gene WWOX at FRA16D Is Involved in Pancreatic Carcinogenesis Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2004; 10(7): 2459 - 2465. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. I. Aqeilan, Y. Pekarsky, J. J. Herrero, A. Palamarchuk, J. Letofsky, T. Druck, F. Trapasso, S.-Y. Han, G. Melino, K. Huebner, et al. Functional association between Wwox tumor suppressor protein and p73, a p53 homolog PNAS, March 30, 2004; 101(13): 4401 - 4406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Watanabe, Y. Hippo, H. Taniguchi, H. Iwanari, M. Yashiro, K. Hirakawa, T. Kodama, and H. Aburatani An Opposing View on WWOX Protein Function as a Tumor Suppressor Cancer Res., December 15, 2003; 63(24): 8629 - 8633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Ishii, A. Vecchione, Y. Furukawa, K. Sutheesophon, S.-Y. Han, T. Druck, T. Kuroki, F. Trapasso, M. Nishimura, Y. Saito, et al. Expression of FRA16D/WWOX and FRA3B/FHIT Genes in Hematopoietic Malignancies Mol. Cancer Res., November 1, 2003; 1(13): 940 - 947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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W.A. Schulz, M. Burchardt, and M.V. Cronauer Molecular biology of prostate cancer Mol. Hum. Reprod., August 1, 2003; 9(8): 437 - 448. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. Cesari, E. S. Martin, G. A. Calin, F. Pentimalli, R. Bichi, H. McAdams, F. Trapasso, A. Drusco, M. Shimizu, V. Masciullo, et al. Parkin, a gene implicated in autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism, is a candidate tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 6q25-q27 PNAS, May 13, 2003; 100(10): 5956 - 5961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. Yendamuri, T. Kuroki, F. Trapasso, A. C. Henry, K. R. Dumon, K. Huebner, N. N. Williams, L. R. Kaiser, and C. M. Croce WW Domain Containing Oxidoreductase Gene Expression Is Altered in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cancer Res., February 15, 2003; 63(4): 878 - 881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Q. Zhang, S. A. Salzman, D. J. Reding, B. K. Suarez, W. J. Catalona, and J. K. Burmester Genetics of Prostate Cancer Clin. Med. Res., January 1, 2003; 1(1): 21 - 28. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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B. C. Turner, M. Ottey, D. B. Zimonjic, M. Potoczek, W. W. Hauck, E. Pequignot, C. L. Keck-Waggoner, C. Sevignani, C. M. Aldaz, P. A. McCue, et al. The Fragile Histidine Triad/Common Chromosome Fragile Site 3B Locus and Repair-deficient Cancers Cancer Res., July 15, 2002; 62(14): 4054 - 4060. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Kuroki, F. Trapasso, T. Shiraishi, H. Alder, K. Mimori, M. Mori, and C. M. Croce Genetic Alterations of the Tumor Suppressor Gene WWOX in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cancer Res., April 1, 2002; 62(8): 2258 - 2260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Y. Kallberg, U. Oppermann, H. Jornvall, and B. Persson Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) relationships: A large family with eight clusters common to human, animal, and plant genomes Protein Sci., March 1, 2002; 11(3): 636 - 641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. V. Jamieson, R. Perveen, B. Kerr, M. Carette, J. Yardley, E. Heon, M. G. Wirth, V. van Heyningen, D. Donnai, F. Munier, et al. Domain disruption and mutation of the bZIP transcription factor, MAF,associated with cataract, ocular anterior segment dysgenesis and coloboma Hum. Mol. Genet., January 1, 2002; 11(1): 33 - 42. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. K. Bednarek, C. L. Keck-Waggoner, R. L. Daniel, K. J. Laflin, P. L. Bergsagel, K. Kiguchi, A. J. Brenner, and C. M. Aldaz WWOX, the FRA16D Gene, Behaves as a Suppressor of Tumor Growth Cancer Res., November 1, 2001; 61(22): 8068 - 8073. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. J. W. Paige, K. J. Taylor, C. Taylor, S. G. Hillier, S. Farrington, D. Scott, D. J. Porteous, J. F. Smyth, H. Gabra, and J. E. V. Watson WWOX: A candidate tumor suppressor gene involved in multiple tumor types PNAS, September 25, 2001; 98(20): 11417 - 11422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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P. J. Ho, R. D. Brown, G. J. Pelka, A. Basten, J. Gibson, and D. E. Joshua Illegitimate switch recombinations are present in approximately half of primary myeloma tumors, but do not relate to known prognostic indicators or survival Blood, January 15, 2001; 97(2): 490 - 495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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W. S. Dalton, P. L. Bergsagel, W. M. Kuehl, K. C. Anderson, and J. L. Harousseau Multiple Myeloma Hematology, January 1, 2001; 2001(1): 157 - 177. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N.-S. Chang, N. Pratt, J. Heath, L. Schultz, D. Sleve, G. B. Carey, and N. Zevotek Hyaluronidase Induction of a WW Domain-containing Oxidoreductase That Enhances Tumor Necrosis Factor Cytotoxicity J. Biol. Chem., January 26, 2001; 276(5): 3361 - 3370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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