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Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany [S. W-G.]; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany [J. C-C.]; University of Heidelberg, Department of Tropical Hygiene and Public Health, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany [H. B.]; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany [D. G. K., I. B. R.]
In a population-based case-control study for breast cancer before the age of 51 years, 554 cases and 559 age-matched controls were genotyped for the polymorphic progesterone receptor allele PROGINS. Breast cancer risk was decreased in women carrying the PROGINS allele. The odds ratio adjusted for age and study region was 0.76 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58–1.00]. Compared with wild-type A1/A1 homozygotes, the odds ratio for A1/A2 heterozygotes and A2/A2 homozygotes was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.62–1.08) and 0.27 (95% CI, 0.10–0.74), respectively, suggesting a gene dosage effect of the A2 allele. There was suggestive evidence for a differential effect by menopausal status (P = 0.07) and by family history of breast cancer (P = 0.15).
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