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Quantitative T₁ Magnetic Resonance Imaging of RIF-1 Tumors in Vivo

Detection of Early Response to Cyclophosphamide Therapy¹

Departments of Radiology [U. D., H. P., L. N-D., R. R., J. S. L., J. D. G.], Pathology and Laboratory Medicine [M. F.], and Medicine [M. S. G., W. M. F. L.], University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6100

This study compares two potential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices for noninvasive early detection of tumor response to chemotherapy: the spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame (T₁) and the transverse relaxation time (T₂). Measurements of these relaxation parameters were performed on a s.c. murine radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF-1) model before and after cyclophosphamide treatment. The number of pixels exhibiting T₁ values longer than controls in viable regions of the tumor increased significantly as early as 18 h after drug administration and remained elevated up to 36 h after treatment (P < 0.005). Although a trend of increasing T₂s relative to controls was noted in viable regions of the tumor 36 h after treatment, the changes were not statistically significant. Histological examination indicated a decrease in mitotic index that paralleled the changes in T₁. We conclude that T₁ measurements may be useful for noninvasive monitoring of early response of tumors to chemotherapy.

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