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MIG (CXCL9) Chemokine Gene Therapy Combines with Antibody-Cytokine Fusion Protein to Suppress Growth and Dissemination of Murine Colon Carcinoma¹

The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037 [J. M. R., R. X., A. G. N., Y. B., U. P., C. S. D., R. A. R.], and Lexigen Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts 02173 [S. D. G.]

The induction of a CTL response capable of eradicating disseminated tumor metastases and the establishment of a persistent tumor-protective immunity remain major goals of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the combination of interleukin 2 (IL-2) targeted to the tumor microenvironment by a recombinant antibody-IL-2 fusion protein (huKS1/4-IL-2) with gene therapy by the murine chemokine MIG (CXCL9) markedly reduced s.c. tumor burden and decisively suppressed dissemination of experimental lung metastases of CT26-KSA colon carcinoma in syngeneic BALB/c mice. This combined therapy significantly prolonged the life span of these mice 3–4-fold by concurrently delivering MIG and IL-2 to the tumor site and thereby achieving chemoattraction of T cells together with their activation. The antitumor effect obtained was mediated predominantly by MHC class I antigen-restricted CD8⁺ T cells with help from MHC class II antigen-restricted CD4⁺ T lymphocytes. In addition, the MIG chemokine also induced angiostatic effects in the tumor vasculature. Taken together, this combination of MIG chemokine gene therapy with tumor-targeted cytokine IL-2 provides an approach for the rational design of novel cancer immunotherapy modalities.

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