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[Cancer Research 61, 1398-1405, February 15, 2001]
© 2001 American Association for Cancer Research

Carcinogenesis

Crkl Enhances Leukemogenesis in BCR/ABL P190 Transgenic Mice1

Bianca Hemmeryckx, Arnoud van Wijk, Anja Reichert, Vesa Kaartinen, Ron de Jong2, Paul K. Pattengale, Ignacio Gonzalez-Gomez, John Groffen and Nora Heisterkamp3

Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Hematology/Oncology [B. H., A. v. W., A. R., R. d. J., J. G., N. H.], and Department of Pathology [V. K., P. K. P., I. G-G.], Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Research Institute and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027

The adapter protein Crkl has been implicated in the abnormal signal transduction pathways activated by the Bcr/Abl oncoprotein, which causes Philadelphia-positive leukemias in humans. To investigate the role of Crkl in tumorigenesis, we have generated transgenic mice that express human Crkl from the CRKL promoter. Western blot analysis showed a 4–6-fold overexpression of transgenic Crkl above endogenous crkl in two lines and increased constitutive complex formation between Crkl and C3G, an exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1. This was associated with a significant increase in integrin-based motility of transgenic macrophages. Overexpression of Crkl was associated with increased incidence of tumor formation, and Rap1 was activated in a metastatic mammary carcinoma. The coexpression of Crkl and Bcr/Abl in mice transgenic for P190 BCR/ABL and CRKL markedly increased the rapidity of development of leukemia/lymphoma, decreasing the average survival by 3.8 months. These results provide direct evidence that Crkl plays a role in tumor development and is important in the leukemogenesis caused by Bcr/Abl.




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