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T Cell-dependent Antitumor Immunity Mediated by Secondary Lymphoid Tissue Chemokine

Augmentation of Dendritic Cell-based Immunotherapy¹

Departments of Surgery [C. J. K., J. J. M.], Internal Medicine [J. J. M.], and Tumor Immunology Program [C. J. K., J. J. M.] of the Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology [D. H-O., J. S. C.], University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0666; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153 [B. J. N.]; and Chiron Technologies, Emeryville, California 94608-2916 [M. G., L. A.]

Secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC) is a CC chemokine that is selective in its recruitment of naïve T cells and dendritic cells (DCs). In the lymph node, SLC is believed to play an important role in the initiation of an immune response by colocalizing naïve T cells with DC-presenting antigen. Here, we used SLC as a treatment for tumors established from the poorly immunogenic B16 melanoma. Intratumoral injections of SLC inhibited tumor growth in a CD8+, T cell-dependent manner. SLC elicited a substantial infiltration of DCs and T cells into the tumor, coincident with the antitumor response. We next used SLC gene-modified DCs as a treatment of established tumors. Intratumoral injections of SLC-expressing DCs resulted in tumor growth inhibition that was significantly better than either control DCs or SLC alone. Distal site immunization of tumor-bearing mice with SLC gene-modified DCs pulsed with tumor lysate elicited an antitumor response whereas control DCs did not. We also found that s.c. injection of lysate-pulsed DCs expressing SLC promoted the migration of T cells to the immunization site. This report demonstrates that SLC can both induce antitumor responses and enhance the antitumor immunity elicited by DCs.

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