Cancer Research Targets EMT and Cancer Progression and Treatment
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cancer Research Clinical Cancer Research
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
Molecular Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Research
Cancer Prevention Journals Portal Cancer Reviews Online
Annual Meeting Education Book Meeting Abstracts Online
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Ristimäki, A.
Right arrow Articles by Isola, J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Ristimäki, A.
Right arrow Articles by Isola, J.
[Cancer Research 62, 632-635, February 1, 2002]
© 2002 American Association for Cancer Research

Advances in Brief

Prognostic Significance of Elevated Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Breast Cancer1

Ari Ristimäki2,3, Anna Sivula2, Johan Lundin, Mikael Lundin, Tiina Salminen, Caj Haglund, Heikki Joensuu and Jorma Isola

Departments of Pathology [A. R., A. S.], Oncology [J. L., M. L., T. S., H. J., J. I.], and Surgery [C. H.], Helsinki University Central Hospital, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Molecular and Cancer Biology Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki University, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland [A. R., A. S., H. J.]; and Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, FIN-33014 Tampere, Finland [J. I.]

Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression can induce mammary tumorigenesis in transgenic mice, and selective Cox-2 inhibitors are both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic in rat models of breast cancer. We analyzed the expression of Cox-2 protein by immunohistochemistry in tissue array specimens of 1576 invasive breast cancers. Moderate to strong (elevated) expression of Cox-2 protein was observed in 37.4% of the tumors, and it was associated with unfavorable distant disease-free survival (P < 0.0001). Elevated Cox-2 expression was associated with a large tumor size, a high histological grade, a negative hormone receptor status, a high proliferation rate (identified by Ki-67), high p53 expression, and the presence of HER-2 oncogene amplification (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons), along with axillary node metastases and a ductal type of histology (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0017, respectively). Interestingly, association with the unfavorable outcome was especially apparent in the subgroups defined by estrogen receptor positivity, low p53 expression, and no HER-2 amplification (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). These results indicate that elevated Cox-2 expression is more common in breast cancers with poor prognostic characteristics and is associated with an unfavorable outcome. The present findings support efforts to initiate clinical trials on the efficacy of Cox-2 inhibitors in adjuvant treatment of breast cancer.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
S.-C. Wang and M.-C. Hung
Nuclear Translocation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family Membrane Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
Clin. Cancer Res., November 1, 2009; 15(21): 6484 - 6489.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
R. Sirianni, A. Chimento, A. De Luca, F. Zolea, A. Carpino, V. Rago, M. Maggiolini, S. Ando, and V. Pezzi
Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 Down-regulates Aromatase Activity and Decreases Proliferation of Leydig Tumor Cells
J. Biol. Chem., October 16, 2009; 284(42): 28905 - 28916.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
F. Pierucci-Alves, C. L. Duncan, and B. D. Schultz
Testosterone Upregulates Anion Secretion Across Porcine Vas Deferens Epithelia In Vitro
Biol Reprod, October 1, 2009; 81(4): 628 - 635.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
A. Thiel, A. Ganesan, J. Mrena, S. Junnila, A. Nykanen, A. Hemmes, H.-H. Tai, O. Monni, A. Kokkola, C. Haglund, et al.
15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase Is Down-regulated in Gastric Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res., July 15, 2009; 15(14): 4572 - 4580.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
D.-H. Kim, J.-H. Kim, E.-H. Kim, H.-K. Na, Y.-N. Cha, J. H. Chung, and Y.-J. Surh
15-Deoxy-{Delta}12,14-prostaglandin J2 upregulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 and subsequently matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human breast cancer cells: possible roles of iron and ROS
Carcinogenesis, April 1, 2009; 30(4): 645 - 654.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann OncolHome page
C. Falandry, P. A. Canney, G. Freyer, and L. Y. Dirix
Role of combination therapy with aromatase and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in patients with metastatic breast cancer
Ann. Onc., April 1, 2009; 20(4): 615 - 620.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 The OncologistHome page
J. S. Ross, E. A. Slodkowska, W. F. Symmans, L. Pusztai, P. M. Ravdin, and G. N. Hortobagyi
The HER-2 Receptor and Breast Cancer: Ten Years of Targeted Anti-HER-2 Therapy and Personalized Medicine
Oncologist, April 1, 2009; 14(4): 320 - 368.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
S.-A. Park, H.-K. Na, E.-H. Kim, Y.-N. Cha, and Y.-J. Surh
4-Hydroxyestradiol Induces Anchorage-Independent Growth of Human Mammary Epithelial Cells via Activation of I{kappa}B Kinase: Potential Role of Reactive Oxygen Species
Cancer Res., March 15, 2009; 69(6): 2416 - 2424.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
J. E. Abraham, P. Harrington, K. E. Driver, J. Tyrer, D. F. Easton, A. M. Dunning, and P. D.P. Pharoah
Common Polymorphisms in the Prostaglandin Pathway Genes and Their Association with Breast Cancer Susceptibility and Survival
Clin. Cancer Res., March 15, 2009; 15(6): 2181 - 2191.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
M. Hu, G. Peluffo, H. Chen, R. Gelman, S. Schnitt, and K. Polyak
Role of COX-2 in epithelial-stromal cell interactions and progression of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
PNAS, March 3, 2009; 106(9): 3372 - 3377.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
S. Nagasaki, T. Suzuki, Y. Miki, J.-i. Akahira, K. Kitada, T. Ishida, H. Handa, N. Ohuchi, and H. Sasano
17{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 12 in Human Breast Carcinoma: A Prognostic Factor via Potential Regulation of Fatty Acid Synthesis
Cancer Res., February 15, 2009; 69(4): 1392 - 1399.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Prevention ResearchHome page
S. Woditschka, J. D. Haag, R. Sullivan, and M. N. Gould
A Short-term Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis Model for the Prevention of Hormonally Responsive and Nonresponsive In situ Carcinomas
Cancer Prevention Research, February 1, 2009; 2(2): 153 - 160.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
S. C. Degner, A. J. Papoutsis, O. Selmin, and D. F. Romagnolo
Targeting of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Activation of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression by the Indole-3-Carbinol Metabolite 3,3'-Diindolylmethane in Breast Cancer Cells
J. Nutr., January 1, 2009; 139(1): 26 - 32.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 The OncologistHome page
F. Penault-Llorca, C. Abrial, I. Raoelfils, P. Chollet, A. Cayre, M.-A. Mouret-Reynier, E. Thivat, F. Mishellany, P. Gimbergues, and X. Durando
Changes and Predictive and Prognostic Value of the Mitotic Index, Ki-67, Cyclin D1, and Cyclo-oxygenase-2 in 710 Operable Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Oncologist, December 1, 2008; 13(12): 1235 - 1245.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
J. R. Neil, K. M. Johnson, R. A. Nemenoff, and W. P. Schiemann
Cox-2 inactivates Smad signaling and enhances EMT stimulated by TGF-{beta} through a PGE2-dependent mechanisms
Carcinogenesis, November 1, 2008; 29(11): 2227 - 2235.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
L. R. Howe and S. M. Lippman
Modulation of Breast Cancer Risk by Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
J Natl Cancer Inst, October 15, 2008; 100(20): 1420 - 1423.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Endocr Relat CancerHome page
M. F Dillon, A. T Stafford, G. Kelly, A. M Redmond, M. McIlroy, T. B Crotty, E McDermott, A. D Hill, and L. S Young
Cyclooxygenase-2 predicts adverse effects of tamoxifen: a possible mechanism of role for nuclear HER2 in breast cancer patients
Endocr. Relat. Cancer, September 1, 2008; 15(3): 745 - 753.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
D. B. Hardy, B. A. Janowski, C.-C. Chen, and C. R. Mendelson
Progesterone Receptor Inhibits Aromatase and Inflammatory Response Pathways in Breast Cancer Cells via Ligand-Dependent and Ligand-Independent Mechanisms
Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2008; 22(8): 1812 - 1824.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Prevention ResearchHome page
P. H. Brown, K. Subbaramaiah, A. P. Salmon, R. Baker, R. A. Newman, P. Yang, X. K. Zhou, R. P. Bissonnette, A. J. Dannenberg, and L. R. Howe
Combination Chemoprevention of HER2/neu-Induced Breast Cancer Using a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor and a Retinoid X Receptor-Selective Retinoid
Cancer Prevention Research, August 1, 2008; 1(3): 208 - 214.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
E.-M. Boneberg, D. F. Legler, H.-J. Senn, and G. Furstenberger
Reduced Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Primary Breast Cancer
J Natl Cancer Inst, July 16, 2008; 100(14): 1042 - 1043.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
H. Sihto, J. Lundin, T. Lehtimaki, M. Sarlomo-Rikala, R. Butzow, K. Holli, L. Sailas, V. Kataja, M. Lundin, T. Turpeenniemi-Hujanen, et al.
Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancers Detected in Mammography Screening and Outside of Screening
Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2008; 14(13): 4103 - 4110.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
M.-R. Pan, M.-F. Hou, H.-C. Chang, and W.-C. Hung
Cyclooxygenase-2 Up-regulates CCR7 via EP2/EP4 Receptor Signaling Pathways to Enhance Lymphatic Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells
J. Biol. Chem., April 25, 2008; 283(17): 11155 - 11163.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
D. W. Visscher, V. S. Pankratz, M. Santisteban, C. Reynolds, A. Ristimaki, R. A. Vierkant, W. L. Lingle, M. H. Frost, and L. C. Hartmann
Association Between Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Atypical Hyperplasia and Risk of Breast Cancer
J Natl Cancer Inst, March 19, 2008; 100(6): 421 - 427.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JCOHome page
L. Y. Dirix, J. Ignacio, S. Nag, P. Bapsy, H. Gomez, D. Raghunadharao, R. Paridaens, S. Jones, S. Falcon, M. Carpentieri, et al.
Treatment of Advanced Hormone-Sensitive Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women With Exemestane Alone or in Combination With Celecoxib
J. Clin. Oncol., March 10, 2008; 26(8): 1253 - 1259.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
X. Zhao, M. Goswami, N. Pokhriyal, H. Ma, H. Du, J. Yao, T. A. Victor, K. Polyak, C. D. Sturgis, H. Band, et al.
Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression during Immortalization and Breast Cancer Progression
Cancer Res., January 15, 2008; 68(2): 467 - 475.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
D. Schunke, P. Span, H. Ronneburg, A. Dittmer, M. Vetter, H.-J. Holzhausen, E. Kantelhardt, S. Krenkel, V. Muller, F. C.G.J. Sweep, et al.
Cyclooxygenase-2 Is a Target Gene of Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor {beta} in Breast Cancer Cells
Cancer Res., November 15, 2007; 67(22): 10694 - 10702.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JCOHome page
P. J. O'Dwyer, S. G. Eckhardt, D. G. Haller, J. Tepper, D. Ahnen, S. Hamilton, A. B. Benson III, M. Rothenberg, N. Petrelli, H.-J. Lenz, et al.
Priorities in Colorectal Cancer Research: Recommendations From the Gastrointestinal Scientific Leadership Council of the Coalition of Cancer Cooperative Groups
J. Clin. Oncol., June 1, 2007; 25(16): 2313 - 2321.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Molecular Cancer TherapeuticsHome page
K. Kiguchi, L. Ruffino, T. Kawamoto, E. Franco, S.-i. Kurakata, K. Fujiwara, M. Hanai, M. Rumi, and J. DiGiovanni
Therapeutic effect of CS-706, a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on gallbladder carcinoma in BK5.ErbB-2 mice
Mol. Cancer Ther., June 1, 2007; 6(6): 1709 - 1717.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
P. Sinha, V. K. Clements, A. M. Fulton, and S. Ostrand-Rosenberg
Prostaglandin E2 Promotes Tumor Progression by Inducing Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
Cancer Res., May 1, 2007; 67(9): 4507 - 4513.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol Cancer ResHome page
I. Stasinopoulos, D. R. O'Brien, F. Wildes, K. Glunde, and Z. M. Bhujwalla
Silencing of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibits Metastasis and Delays Tumor Onset of Poorly Differentiated Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells
Mol. Cancer Res., May 1, 2007; 5(5): 435 - 442.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
H.-T. Kim, G. Kong, D. DeNardo, Y. Li, I. Uray, S. Pal, S. Mohsin, S. G. Hilsenbeck, R. Bissonnette, W. W. Lamph, et al.
Identification of Biomarkers Modulated by the Rexinoid LGD1069 (Bexarotene) in Human Breast Cells Using Oligonucleotide Arrays
Cancer Res., December 15, 2006; 66(24): 12009 - 12018.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
A. M. Fulton, X. Ma, and N. Kundu
Targeting Prostaglandin E EP Receptors to Inhibit Metastasis.
Cancer Res., October 15, 2006; 66(20): 9794 - 9797.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
S. Lanza-Jacoby, R. Burd, F. E. Rosato Jr., K. McGuire, J. Little, N. Nougbilly, and S. Miller
Effect of Simultaneous Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Cyclooxygenase-2 in HER-2/Neu-Positive Breast Cancer.
Clin. Cancer Res., October 15, 2006; 12(20): 6161 - 6169.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
M. Kohno, M. Momoi, M. L. Oo, J.-H. Paik, Y.-M. Lee, K. Venkataraman, Y. Ai, A. P. Ristimaki, H. Fyrst, H. Sano, et al.
Intracellular role for sphingosine kinase 1 in intestinal adenoma cell proliferation.
Mol. Cell. Biol., October 1, 2006; 26(19): 7211 - 7223.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
H. Tsubochi, N. Sato, M. Hiyama, M. Kaimori, S. Endo, Y. Sohara, and T. Imai
Combined Analysis of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression With p53 and Ki-67 in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer.
Ann. Thorac. Surg., October 1, 2006; 82(4): 1198 - 1204.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Cell. ProteomicsHome page
F. Bertucci, D. Birnbaum, and A. Goncalves
Proteomics of Breast Cancer: Principles and Potential Clinical Applications
Mol. Cell. Proteomics, October 1, 2006; 5(10): 1772 - 1786.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Vet PatholHome page
M. Brunelle, E. A. Sartin, L. G. Wolfe, J. Sirois, and M. Dore
Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in normal and neoplastic canine mammary cell lines.
Vet. Pathol., September 1, 2006; 43(5): 656 - 666.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
G. D. Basu, T. L. Tinder, J. M. Bradley, T. Tu, C. L. Hattrup, B. A. Pockaj, and P. Mukherjee
Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor Enhances the Efficacy of a Breast Cancer Vaccine: Role of IDO
J. Immunol., August 15, 2006; 177(4): 2391 - 2402.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
I. Wolf, J. O'Kelly, T. Rubinek, M. Tong, A. Nguyen, B. T. Lin, H.-H. Tai, B. Y. Karlan, and H. P. Koeffler
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase is a tumor suppressor of human breast cancer.
Cancer Res., August 1, 2006; 66(15): 7818 - 7823.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Pathol.Home page
K J Schmitz, R Callies, J Wohlschlaeger, R Kimmig, F Otterbach, J Bohr, H-S Lee, A Takeda, K W Schmid, and H A Baba
Overexpression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 is an independent predictor of unfavourable outcome in node-negative breast cancer, but is not associated with protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK1/2, p38) activation or with Her-2/neu signalling pathways
J. Clin. Pathol., July 1, 2006; 59(7): 685 - 691.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Endocr Relat CancerHome page
P. Siironen, A. Ristimaki, K. Narko, S. Nordling, J. Louhimo, S. Andersson, R. Haapiainen, and C. Haglund
VEGF-C and COX-2 expression in papillary thyroid cancer.
Endocr. Relat. Cancer, June 1, 2006; 13(2): 465 - 473.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
H. Zhi, L. Wang, J. Zhang, C. Zhou, F. Ding, A. Luo, M. Wu, Q. Zhan, and Z. Liu
Significance of COX-2 expression in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Carcinogenesis, June 1, 2006; 27(6): 1214 - 1221.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
K. Subbaramaiah, L. R. Howe, E. R. Port, E. Brogi, J. Fishman, C. H. Liu, T. Hla, C. Hudis, and A. J. Dannenberg
HER-2/neu Status Is a Determinant of Mammary Aromatase Activity In vivo: Evidence for a Cyclooxygenase-2-Dependent Mechanism.
Cancer Res., May 15, 2006; 66(10): 5504 - 5511.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JEMHome page
D. Wang, H. Wang, J. Brown, T. Daikoku, W. Ning, Q. Shi, A. Richmond, R. Strieter, S. K. Dey, and R. N. DuBois
CXCL1 induced by prostaglandin E2 promotes angiogenesis in colorectal cancer
J. Exp. Med., April 17, 2006; 203(4): 941 - 951.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
G. Ferrandina, F. O. Ranelletti, F. Legge, V. Salutari, E. Martinelli, A. Fattorossi, D. Lorusso, G. Zannoni, V. Vellone, A. Paglia, et al.
Celecoxib Up-Regulates the Expression of the {zeta} Chain of T Cell Receptor Complex in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Human Cervical Cancer.
Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2006; 12(7): 2055 - 2060.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Pathol.Home page
A Juuti, J Louhimo, S Nordling, A Ristimaki, and C Haglund
Cyclooxygenase-2 expression correlates with poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer
J. Clin. Pathol., April 1, 2006; 59(4): 382 - 386.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
X. Ma, N. Kundu, S. Rifat, T. Walser, and A. M. Fulton
Prostaglandin E Receptor EP4 Antagonism Inhibits Breast Cancer Metastasis.
Cancer Res., March 15, 2006; 66(6): 2923 - 2927.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
T. Hiraga, A. Myoui, M. E. Choi, H. Yoshikawa, and T. Yoneda
Stimulation of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression by Bone-Derived Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Enhances Bone Metastases in Breast Cancer
Cancer Res., February 15, 2006; 66(4): 2067 - 2073.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Histochem. Cytochem.Home page
W. G. Jiang, A. Raz, A. Douglas-Jones, and R. E. Mansel
Expression of Autocrine Motility Factor (AMF) and Its Receptor, AMFR, in Human Breast Cancer
J. Histochem. Cytochem., February 1, 2006; 54(2): 231 - 241.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
S. C. Degner, M. Q. Kemp, G. T. Bowden, and D. F. Romagnolo
Conjugated Linoleic Acid Attenuates Cyclooxygenase-2 Transcriptional Activity via an Anti-AP-1 Mechanism in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
J. Nutr., February 1, 2006; 136(2): 421 - 427.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
Y. Shoji, M. Takahashi, N. Takasuka, N. Niho, T. Kitamura, H. Sato, T. Maruyama, Y. Sugimoto, S. Narumiya, T. Sugimura, et al.
Prostaglandin E receptor EP3 deficiency modifies tumor outcome in mouse two-stage skin carcinogenesis
Carcinogenesis, December 1, 2005; 26(12): 2116 - 2122.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Vet PatholHome page
D. A. Heller, C. A. Clifford, M. H. Goldschmidt, D. E. Holt, F. S. Shofer, A. Smith, and K. U. Sorenmo
Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression is Associated with Histologic Tumor Type in Canine Mammary Carcinoma
Vet. Pathol., November 1, 2005; 42(6): 776 - 780.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
L. R. Howe, S.-H. Chang, K. C. Tolle, R. Dillon, L. J.T. Young, R. D. Cardiff, R. A. Newman, P. Yang, H. T. Thaler, W. J. Muller, et al.
HER2/neu-Induced Mammary Tumorigenesis and Angiogenesis Are Reduced in Cyclooxygenase-2 Knockout Mice
Cancer Res., November 1, 2005; 65(21): 10113 - 10119.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 QJMHome page
D. Mazhar, R. Gillmore, and J. Waxman
COX and cancer
QJM, October 1, 2005; 98(10): 711 - 718.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
J. H. Kim, V. Bossuyt, T. Ponn, D. Lannin, and B. G. Haffty
Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Postmastectomy Chest Wall Relapse
Clin. Cancer Res., July 15, 2005; 11(14): 5199 - 5205.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
B. Arun, G. Kilic, C. Yen, B. Foster, D. A. Yardley, R. Gaynor, and R. Ashfaq
Loss of FHIT Expression in Breast Cancer Is Correlated with Poor Prognostic Markers
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2005; 14(7): 1681 - 1685.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
N. Linder, J. Lundin, J. Isola, M. Lundin, K. O. Raivio, and H. Joensuu
Down-Regulated Xanthine Oxidoreductase Is a Feature of Aggressive Breast Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res., June 15, 2005; 11(12): 4372 - 4381.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
S. F. Marshall, L. Bernstein, H. Anton-Culver, D. Deapen, P. L. Horn-Ross, H. Mohrenweiser, D. Peel, R. Pinder, D. M. Purdie, P. Reynolds, et al.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use and Breast Cancer Risk by Stage and Hormone Receptor Status
J Natl Cancer Inst, June 1, 2005; 97(11): 805 - 812.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Pharmacol. Rev.Home page
V. Mollace, C. Muscoli, E. Masini, S. Cuzzocrea, and D. Salvemini
Modulation of Prostaglandin Biosynthesis by Nitric Oxide and Nitric Oxide Donors
Pharmacol. Rev., June 1, 2005; 57(2): 217 - 252.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Pathol.Home page
K-B Tan and T C Putti
Cyclooxygenase 2 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: immunohistochemical findings and potential implications
J. Clin. Pathol., May 1, 2005; 58(5): 535 - 538.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
G. Kong, H.-T. Kim, K. Wu, D. DeNardo, S. G. Hilsenbeck, X.-C. Xu, W. W. Lamph, R. Bissonnette, A. J. Dannenberg, and P. H. Brown
The Retinoid X Receptor-Selective Retinoid, LGD1069, Down-regulates Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Human Breast Cells through Transcription Factor Crosstalk: Implications for Molecular-Based Chemoprevention
Cancer Res., April 15, 2005; 65(8): 3462 - 3469.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
M. Heinonen, P. Bono, K. Narko, S.-H. Chang, J. Lundin, H. Joensuu, H. Furneaux, T. Hla, C. Haglund, and A. Ristimaki
Cytoplasmic HuR Expression Is a Prognostic Factor in Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma
Cancer Res., March 15, 2005; 65(6): 2157 - 2161.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JCOHome page
K. Strasser-Weippl and P. E. Goss
Advances in Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy for Postmenopausal Women
J. Clin. Oncol., March 10, 2005; 23(8): 1751 - 1759.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
M. L. Gauthier, C. R. Pickering, C. J. Miller, C. A. Fordyce, K. L. Chew, H. K. Berman, and T. D. Tlsty
p38 Regulates Cyclooxygenase-2 in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells and Is Activated in Premalignant Tissue
Cancer Res., March 1, 2005; 65(5): 1792 - 1799.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
X.-H. Liu, A. Kirschenbaum, K. Yu, S. Yao, and A. C. Levine
Cyclooxygenase-2 Suppresses Hypoxia-induced Apoptosis via a Combination of Direct and Indirect Inhibition of p53 Activity in a Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line
J. Biol. Chem., February 4, 2005; 280(5): 3817 - 3823.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
K. Muller-Decker, I. Berger, K. Ackermann, V. Ehemann, S. Zoubova, S. Aulmann, W. Pyerin, and G. Furstenberger
Cystic Duct Dilatations and Proliferative Epithelial Lesions in Mouse Mammary Glands upon Keratin 5 Promoter-Driven Overexpression of Cyclooxygenase-2
Am. J. Pathol., February 1, 2005; 166(2): 575 - 584.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
J. Zhou, T. Suzuki, A. Kovacic, R. Saito, Y. Miki, T. Ishida, T. Moriya, E. R. Simpson, H. Sasano, and C. D. Clyne
Interactions between Prostaglandin E2, Liver Receptor Homologue-1, and Aromatase in Breast Cancer
Cancer Res., January 15, 2005; 65(2): 657 - 663.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JCOHome page
A. J. Dannenberg, S. M. Lippman, J. R. Mann, K. Subbaramaiah, and R. N. DuBois
Cyclooxygenase-2 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: Pharmacologic Targets for Chemoprevention
J. Clin. Oncol., January 10, 2005; 23(2): 254 - 266.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JCOHome page
E. T. Hawk and B. Levin
Colorectal Cancer Prevention
J. Clin. Oncol., January 10, 2005; 23(2): 378 - 391.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
M. Pold, K. Krysan, A. Pold, M. Dohadwala, N. Heuze-Vourc'h, J. T. Mao, K. L. Riedl, S. Sharma, and S. M. Dubinett
Cyclooxygenase-2 Modulates the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Cancer Res., September 15, 2004; 64(18): 6549 - 6555.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Endocr Relat CancerHome page
M Lacroix, R-A Toillon, and G Leclercq
Stable 'portrait' of breast tumors during progression: data from biology, pathology and genetics
Endocr. Relat. Cancer, September 1, 2004; 11(3): 497 - 522.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
G. Ferrandina, F. O. Ranelletti, F. Legge, M. Gessi, V. Salutari, M. G. Distefano, L. Lauriola, G. F. Zannoni, E. Martinelli, and G. Scambia
Prognostic Role of the Ratio between Cyclooxygenase-2 in Tumor and Stroma Compartments in Cervical Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2004; 10(9): 3117 - 3123.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Cell. ProteomicsHome page
J. S. Ross, J. A. Fletcher, K. J. Bloom, G. P. Linette, J. Stec, W. F. Symmans, L. Pusztai, and G. N. Hortobagyi
Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer: The HER-2/neu Gene and Protein
Mol. Cell. Proteomics, April 1, 2004; 3(4): 379 - 398.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Molecular Cancer TherapeuticsHome page
S. Lanza-Jacoby, A. P. Dicker, S. Miller, F. E. Rosato, J. T. Flynn, S. N. Lavorgna, and R. Burd
Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-dependent effects of the inhibitor SC236 when combined with ionizing radiation in mammary tumor cells derived from HER-2/neu mice
Mol. Cancer Ther., April 1, 2004; 3(4): 417 - 424.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
A. F. Badawi, M. B. Eldeen, Y. Liu, E. A. Ross, and M. Z. Badr
Inhibition of Rat Mammary Gland Carcinogenesis by Simultaneous Targeting of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor {gamma}
Cancer Res., February 1, 2004; 64(3): 1181 - 1189.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
T.-L. Erkinheimo, H. Lassus, P. Finne, B. P. van Rees, A. Leminen, O. Ylikorkala, C. Haglund, R. Butzow, and A. Ristimaki
Elevated Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression Is Associated with Altered Expression of p53 and SMAD4, Amplification of HER-2/neu, and Poor Outcome in Serous Ovarian Carcinoma
Clin. Cancer Res., January 15, 2004; 10(2): 538 - 545.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S.-H. Chang, C. H. Liu, R. Conway, D. K. Han, K. Nithipatikom, O. C. Trifan, T. F. Lane, and T. Hla
From the Cover: Role of prostaglandin E2-dependent angiogenic switch in cyclooxygenase 2-induced breast cancer progression
PNAS, January 13, 2004; 101(2): 591 - 596.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Pathol.Home page
N Nathoo, G H Barnett, and M Golubic
The eicosanoid cascade: possible role in gliomas and meningiomas
J. Clin. Pathol., January 1, 2004; 57(1): 6 - 13.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
S. Lanza-Jacoby, S. Miller, J. Flynn, K. Gallatig, C. Daskalakis, J. L. Masferrer, B. S. Zweifel, H. Sembhi, and I. H. Russo
The Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor, Celecoxib, Prevents the Development of Mammary Tumors in HER-2/neu Mice
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 2003; 12(12): 1486 - 1491.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
S. Sengupta, L. A. Sellers, T. Cindrova, J. Skepper, E. Gherardi, R. Sasisekharan, and T.-P. D. Fan
Cyclooxygenase-2-selective Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Inhibit Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor-induced Angiogenesis
Cancer Res., December 1, 2003; 63(23): 8351 - 8359.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
T.-L. Erkinheimo, H. Lassus, A. Sivula, S. Sengupta, H. Furneaux, T. Hla, C. Haglund, R. Butzow, and A. Ristimaki
Cytoplasmic HuR Expression Correlates with Poor Outcome and with Cyclooxygenase 2 Expression in Serous Ovarian Carcinoma
Cancer Res., November 15, 2003; 63(22): 7591 - 7594.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
G. Ferrandina, F. O. Ranelletti, F. Legge, L. Lauriola, V. Salutari, M. Gessi, A. C. Testa, U. Werner, P. Navarra, G. Tringali, et al.
Celecoxib Modulates the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2, Ki67, Apoptosis-Related Marker, and Microvessel Density in Human Cervical Cancer: A Pilot Study
Clin. Cancer Res., October 1, 2003; 9(12): 4324 - 4331.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
K.-T. Kuo, K.-C. Chow, Y.-C. Wu, C.-S. Lin, H.-W. Wang, W.-Y. Li, and L.-S. Wang
Clinicopathologic significance of cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Ann. Thorac. Surg., September 1, 2003; 76(3): 909 - 914.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
F. Zhang, M. Lundin, A. Ristimaki, P. Heikkila, J. Lundin, J. Isola, H. Joensuu, and M. Laiho
Ski-related novel protein N (SnoN), a Negative Controller of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling, Is a Prognostic Marker in Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Carcinomas ,
Cancer Res., August 15, 2003; 63(16): 5005 - 5010.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 The OncologistHome page
J. S. Ross, J. A. Fletcher, G. P. Linette, J. Stec, E. Clark, M. Ayers, W. F. Symmans, L. Pusztai, and K. J. Bloom
The HER-2/neu Gene and Protein in Breast Cancer 2003: Biomarker and Target of Therapy
Oncologist, August 1, 2003; 8(4): 307 - 325.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
G. Davies, J. Salter, M. Hills, L.-A. Martin, N. Sacks, and M. Dowsett
Correlation between Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression and Angiogenesis in Human Breast Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2003; 9(7): 2651 - 2656.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
T. Kumagai, J. O'Kelly, J. W. Said, and H. P. Koeffler
Vitamin D2 Analog 19-nor-1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D2: Antitumor Activity Against Leukemia, Myeloma, and Colon Cancer Cells
J Natl Cancer Inst, June 18, 2003; 95(12): 896 - 905.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Anesth. Analg.Home page
N. M. Gajraj
Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors
Anesth. Analg., June 1, 2003; 96(6): 1720 - 1738.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
V. Shim, M. L. Gauthier, D. Sudilovsky, K. Mantei, K. L. Chew, D. H. Moore, I. Cha, T. D. Tlsty, and L. J. Esserman
Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression Is Related to Nuclear Grade in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ and Is Increased in Its Normal Adjacent Epithelium
Cancer Res., May 15, 2003; 63(10): 2347 - 2350.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Vet PatholHome page
M. Dore, I. Lanthier, and J. Sirois
Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Canine Mammary Tumors
Vet. Pathol., March 1, 2003; 40(2): 207 - 212.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
R. L. Konger, G. A. Scott, Y. Landt, J. H. Ladenson, and A. P. Pentland
Loss of the EP2 Prostaglandin E2 Receptor in Immortalized Human Keratinocytes Results in Increased Invasiveness and Decreased Paxillin Expression
Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 2002; 161(6): 2065 - 2078.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
L. R. Howe, K. Subbaramaiah, J. Patel, J. L. Masferrer, A. Deora, C. Hudis, H. T. Thaler, W. J. Muller, B. Du, A. M. C. Brown, et al.
Celecoxib, a Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitor, Protects against Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2)/neu-induced Breast Cancer
Cancer Res., October 1, 2002; 62(19): 5405 - 5407.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cancer Research Clinical Cancer Research
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
Molecular Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Research
Cancer Prevention Journals Portal Cancer Reviews Online
Annual Meeting Education Book Meeting Abstracts Online
Copyright © 2002 by the American Association for Cancer Research.