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Departments of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery [A. P., J. A. R., S. G. S.], and Surgical Oncology [K. K. H., S. A. V.], The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Introgen Therapeutics Inc, Houston, Texas 77030 [S. C., A. M. M., H. Z-Y., A. L. S.]; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136 [G. N. B., S. B]
Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of the melanoma differentiation-associated gene 7 (Ad-mda7) induces apoptosis in a wide range of cancer cells, although themechanism is not well understood. We report that Ad-mda7 induces andactivates the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR), which leads to phosphorylation of the
subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2
) and the induction of apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Treatment with 2-aminopurine (2-AP), a serine/threonine kinase inhibitor, inhibits PKR activation, eIF2
phosphorylation, and apoptosis induction by Ad-mda7. Additionally, PKR null but not wild-type fibroblasts are resistant to Ad-mda7-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that the activation of PKR and its downstream targets may be a critical pathway for Ad-mda7-mediated apoptosis.
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