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Inhibition of Early Tumor Growth Requires J18-positive (Natural Killer T) Cells¹

Centre for Immunology and Cancer Research, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102 [T. J. S., G. J. P. F., I. H. F., G. R. L.], and Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, 8006 [M. J. S.], Australia

The role of natural killer T (NKT) cells in the immune response to tumor cells has been largely unexplored. As a model of adoptive tumor immunotherapy, cells from the draining lymph nodes of mice immunized with a tumor-specific or irrelevant antigen were transferred to naïve recipients with established tumor. Inhibition of early tumor growth (day 4) required the transfer of both CD8⁺ and J18⁺ (NKT) cells from immunized animals without regard to immunogen. In contrast, CD8⁺ cells, but not J18⁺ cells, were necessary for the inhibition of late tumor growth (day 8). Thus, the developing tumor changes in sensitivity to NKT-mediated events and the role for NKT cells cannot be replaced by the presence of tumor-specific cells during early tumor growth. This suggests that recruitment/activation of J18⁺ NKT cells is an important consideration during the immune therapy of early stage tumors.

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