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[Cancer Research 63, 5218-5223, September 1, 2003]
© 2003 American Association for Cancer Research

Advances in Brief

Prostaglandin E2 Stimulates the Growth of Colon Cancer Cells via Induction of Amphiregulin1

Jinyi Shao, Sean B. Lee, Huiping Guo, B. Mark Evers and Hongmiao Sheng2

Department of Surgery and Sealy Center of Cancer Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555 [J. S., H. G., M. B. E., H. S.] and National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 [S. B. L.]

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a major product of cyclooxygenase enzymes, is implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis and has been shown to stimulate the growth of human colorectal carcinoma cells. Here, we show that PGE2 activated the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A pathway, which induced the expression of amphiregulin (AR), an epidermal growth factor family member, through activation of a cyclic AMP-responsive element in the AR promoter. AR exerted a mitogenic effect on LS-174 cells and partially mediated the PGE2-induced growth stimulation. In addition, PGE2, in collaboration with transforming growth factor-{alpha} or K-Ras oncogene, synergistically induced AR expression and activated receptor tyrosine kinase-dependent signaling pathways. Our results provide novel mechanisms for cyclooxygenase-2 pro-oncogenic activity and suggest that PGE2 may act with major oncogenic pathways in a synergistic fashion to activate the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling system through a ligand-dependent autocrine pathway.




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