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[Cancer Research 63, 5615-5621, September 1, 2003]
© 2003 American Association for Cancer Research


Endocrinology

Mutations in the SDHB Gene Are Associated with Extra-adrenal and/or Malignant Phaeochromocytomas1

Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo2, Judith Favier, Pierre Rustin, Claudine Rieubland, Malvina Crespin, Valérie Nau, Philippe Khau Van Kien, Pierre Corvol, Pierre-François Plouin and Xavier Jeunemaitre for the COMETE (COrtical and MEdullary Tumour) Network3

AP/HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Département de Génétique Moléculaire [A-P. G-R., C. R., M. C., V. N., P. K. V. K., X. J.]; INSERM U36, Collège de France [A-P. G-R., J. F., P. C., P-F. P., X. J.]; INSERM U393, Hôpital des Enfants Malades [P. R.]; and AP/HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d’Hypertension Artérielle [P. C., P-F. P.], Paris

Germ-line mutations in the genes encoding succinate dehydrogenase complex subunits B (SDHB) and D (SDHD) have been reported in familial paragangliomas and apparently sporadic phaeochromocytomas (ASP), but the genotype–phenotype relationships of these mutations are unknown. Eighty-four patients (all but 2 followed up for 8.8 ± 5.7 years) with ASP (57 with adrenal tumors, 27 with extra-adrenal, multiple, malignant, or recurrent tumors) were screened for the major susceptibility genes for phaeochromocytoma (RET, VHL, SDHD, and SDHB). Thirty-three tumors were available for molecular analysis, enzyme assays, and immunohistochemistry. No (0%) RET and 2 (2.4%) VHL mutations were detected. Only two coding single nucleotide polymorphisms in the SDHD gene (G12S and H50R) were found in 6 patients (7%). Conversely, six deleterious mutations in the SDHB gene were identified in 8 patients (9.5%). Ectopic site and recurrence or malignancy were strongly associated with SDHB mutations (7 of 8, 87%, versus 20 of 76, 26%; P = 0.001). Somatic DNA analysis indicated a loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 1p36 (SDHB locus) in 16 of 33 cases (48%). A loss of heterozygosity at the SDHB locus was found in all tumors with SDHB mutation, and assays of respiratory chain enzymes showed a complete loss of complex II catalytic activity. The vascular architecture of tumors with SDHB mutations displayed features typical of malignancy. These data strongly suggest that SDHB gene is a tumor suppressor gene and that the identification of germ-line mutations in SDHB gene in patients with ASPs should be considered as a high-risk factor for malignancy or recurrence.




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