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Department of Pathology, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 [C. A. F., J. A. F.]; Departments of Pathology [A. R. P-A.], and Medicine [H. E. G., J. A. F.], Childrens Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 [H. E. G., J. A. F.]; and Kochi Medical School, Okohcho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan 783-8505 [I. M., I. K.]
The poorly differentiated carcinoma with t(15;19)(q13, p13.1) is characterized by its highly aggressive, invariably lethal clinical course. The chromosome 19 translocation breakpoint targets the BRD4 double bromodomain-containing gene, which functions in regulation of cell cycle progression. Herein we demonstrate that BRD4 is fused with nearly the entire transcript of the novel 15q13 gene, NUT (nuclear protein in testis), forming a 6.4-kb fusion oncogene, BRD4-NUT. NUT, like BRD4, is predicted to encode a nuclear protein but, unlike the ubiquitous BRD4 transcript, is expressed only in testis. These findings establish a model to elucidate the oncogenic consequences of unscheduled NUT expression and altered BRD4 function. Very few fusion oncogenes have been identified in epithelial tumors, and BRD4-NUT is the first fusion oncogene mechanism identified in a highly lethal form of carcinoma.
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