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Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrasts for Monitoring Response to Gene Therapy in Rat Glioma

¹ Department of Biomedical NMR and National Bio NMR Facility,
² Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland;
³ Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, and Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota;
⁴ School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Magnetic resonance imaging relaxation times, T₁ and Carr-Purcell T₂ (CP-T₂), were measured in a glioma herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase gene therapy model. In treated tumors with >50% cell death by histology, T₁ and CP-T₂ measured with short spacing (_CP) between centers of adiabatic refocusing pulses showed similar enhanced sensitivity to cytotoxic cell damage over CP-T₂ measured with long _CP (long-_CP T₂: 54.3 ± 0.7 and 55.4 ± 1.2 ms, P = 0.30; short-_CP T₂: 61.3 ± 1.0 and 64.2 ± 1.1 ms, P < 0.05 before and day 2 of treatment, respectively). Without treatment, long-_CP T₂ provided the most pronounced contrast between tumor and normal cerebral tissue. These data demonstrate that endogenous T₂ contrast can be modulated and extended in a manner likely to be clinically important.

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