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Experimental Therapeutics |
Drug Discovery Program [M. A. B., J. S., S. M. S.] and Molecular Oncology Program [J. T., R. J.], Biostatistics and Informatics Core [A. C.], H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, and Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612 [M. A. B., J. S., J. T., R. J., S. M. S.]
Constitutively activated, tyrosine-phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 plays a pivotal role in human tumor malignancy. To discover disrupters of aberrant STAT3 signaling pathways as novel anticancer drugs, we developed a phosphotyrosine STAT3 cytoblot. Using this high throughput 96-well plate assay, we identified JSI-124 (cucurbitacin I) from the National Cancer Institute Diversity Set. JSI-124 suppressed the levels of phosphotyrosine STAT3 in v-Src-transformed NIH 3T3 cells and human cancer cells potently (IC50 value of 500 nM in the human lung adenocarcinoma A549) and rapidly (complete inhibition within 12 h). The suppression of phosphotyrosine STAT3 levels resulted in the inhibition of STAT3 DNA binding and STAT3-mediated but not serum response element-mediated gene transcription. JSI-124 also decreased the levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated Janus kinase (JAK) but not those of Src. JSI-124 was highly selective for JAK/STAT3 and did not inhibit other oncogenic and tumor survival pathways such as those mediated by Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, or c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. Finally, JSI-124 (1 mg/kg/day) potently inhibited the growth in nude mice of A549 tumors, v-Src-transformed NIH 3T3 tumors, and the human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-468, all of which express high levels of constitutively activated STAT3, but it did not affect the growth of oncogenic Ras-transformed NIH 3T3 tumors that are STAT3 independent or of the human lung adenocarcinoma Calu-1, which has barely detectable levels of phosphotyrosine STAT3. JSI-124 also inhibited tumor growth and significantly increased survival of immunologically competent mice bearing murine melanoma with constitutively activated STAT3. These results give strong support for pharmacologically targeting the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway for anticancer drug discovery.
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C. S. Park, H. Lim, K. J. Han, S. H. Baek, H. O. Sohn, D. W. Lee, Y.-G. Kim, H.-Y. Yun, K. J. Baek, and N. S. Kwon Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Generation by 23,24-Dihydrocucurbitacin D in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., May 1, 2004; 309(2): 705 - 710. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Nagel-Wolfrum, C. Buerger, I. Wittig, K. Butz, F. Hoppe-Seyler, and B. Groner The Interaction of Specific Peptide Aptamers With the DNA Binding Domain and the Dimerization Domain of the Transcription Factor Stat3 Inhibits Transactivation and Induces Apoptosis in Tumor Cells Mol. Cancer Res., March 1, 2004; 2(3): 170 - 182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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B. He, L. You, K. Uematsu, K. Zang, Z. Xu, A. Y. Lee, J. F. Costello, F. McCormick, and D. M. Jablons SOCS-3 is frequently silenced by hypermethylation and suppresses cell growth in human lung cancer PNAS, November 25, 2003; 100(24): 14133 - 14138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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