| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Regular Articles |
Departments of 1 Head and Neck Surgery, 2 Gynecologic Oncology, and 3 Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 4 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; and 5 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
BRAK/CXCL14 is a CXC chemokine constitutively expressed at the mRNA level in certain normal tissues but absent from many established tumor cell lines and human cancers. Although multiple investigators cloned BRAK, little is known regarding the physiologic function of BRAK or the reason for decreased expression in cancer. To understand the possible significance associated with loss of BRAK mRNA in tumors, we examined the pattern of BRAK protein expression in normal and tumor specimens from patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue and used recombinant BRAK (rBRAK) to investigate potential biological functions. Using a peptide-specific antiserum, abundant expression of BRAK protein was found in suprabasal layers of normal tongue mucosa but consistently was absent in tongue SCC. Consistent with previous in situ mRNA studies, BRAK protein also was expressed strongly by stromal cells adjacent to tumors. In the rat corneal micropocket assay, BRAK was a potent inhibitor of in vivo angiogenesis stimulated by multiple angiogenic factors, including interleukin 8, basic fibroblast growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor. In vitro, rBRAK blocked endothelial cell chemotaxis at concentrations as low as 1 nmol/L, suggesting this was a major mechanism for angiogenesis inhibition. Although only low affinity receptors for BRAK could be found on endothelial cells, human immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (iDCs) bound rBRAK with high affinity (i.e., Kd, 
2 nmol/L). Furthermore, rBRAK was chemotactic for iDCs at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 nmol/L. Our findings support a hypothesis that loss of BRAK expression from tumors may facilitate neovascularization and possibly contributes to immunologic escape.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. Pelicano, W. Lu, Y. Zhou, W. Zhang, Z. Chen, Y. Hu, and P. Huang Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Reactive Oxygen Species Imbalance Promote Breast Cancer Cell Motility through a CXCL14-Mediated Mechanism Cancer Res., March 15, 2009; 69(6): 2375 - 2383. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Augsten, C. Hagglof, E. Olsson, C. Stolz, P. Tsagozis, T. Levchenko, M. J. Frederick, A. Borg, P. Micke, L. Egevad, et al. CXCL14 is an autocrine growth factor for fibroblasts and acts as a multi-modal stimulator of prostate tumor growth PNAS, March 3, 2009; 106(9): 3414 - 3419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. JOHN, C. KESHAVA, D. L. RICHARDSON, A. WESTON, and J. NATH Immune Response Signatures of Benzo({alpha})pyrene Exposure in Normal Human Mammary Epithelial Cells in the Absence or Presence of Chlorophyllin Cancer Genomics Proteomics, January 1, 2009; 6(1): 1 - 11. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Maerki, S. Meuter, M. Liebi, K. Muhlemann, M. J. Frederick, N. Yawalkar, B. Moser, and M. Wolf Potent and Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity of CXCL14 Suggests an Immediate Role in Skin Infections J. Immunol., January 1, 2009; 182(1): 507 - 514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. G. Kleer, N. Bloushtain-Qimron, Y.-H. Chen, D. Carrasco, M. Hu, J. Yao, S.-K. Kraeft, L. C. Collins, M. S. Sabel, P. Argani, et al. Epithelial and Stromal Cathepsin K and CXCL14 Expression in Breast Tumor Progression Clin. Cancer Res., September 1, 2008; 14(17): 5357 - 5367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Nara, Y. Nakayama, S. Okamoto, H. Tamura, M. Kiyono, M. Muraoka, K. Tanaka, C. Taya, H. Shitara, R. Ishii, et al. Disruption of CXC Motif Chemokine Ligand-14 in Mice Ameliorates Obesity-induced Insulin Resistance J. Biol. Chem., October 19, 2007; 282(42): 30794 - 30803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Proost, A. Mortier, T. Loos, J. Vandercappellen, M. Gouwy, I. Ronsse, E. Schutyser, W. Put, M. Parmentier, S. Struyf, et al. Proteolytic processing of CXCL11 by CD13/aminopeptidase N impairs CXCR3 and CXCR7 binding and signaling and reduces lymphocyte and endothelial cell migration Blood, July 1, 2007; 110(1): 37 - 44. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Meuter, P. Schaerli, R. S. Roos, O. Brandau, M. R. Bosl, U. H. von Andrian, and B. Moser Murine CXCL14 Is Dispensable for Dendritic Cell Function and Localization within Peripheral Tissues Mol. Cell. Biol., February 1, 2007; 27(3): 983 - 992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Lucerna, J. Pomyje, D. Mechtcheriakova, A. Kadl, F. Gruber, M. Bilban, Y. Sobanov, G. Schabbauer, J. Breuss, O. Wagner, et al. Sustained Expression of Early Growth Response Protein-1 Blocks Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth. Cancer Res., July 1, 2006; 66(13): 6708 - 6713. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. N. Gomperts and R. M. Strieter CXC Chemokines in Angiogenesis and Metastases Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. Educ. Book, April 1, 2006; 2006(1): 11 - 18. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. H. Durand, V. Flacher, A. Romeas, F. Carrouel, E. Colomb, C. Vincent, H. Magloire, M.-L. Couble, F. Bleicher, M.-J. Staquet, et al. Lipoteichoic Acid Increases TLR and Functional Chemokine Expression while Reducing Dentin Formation in In Vitro Differentiated Human Odontoblasts. J. Immunol., March 1, 2006; 176(5): 2880 - 2887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. DeVries, A. A. Kelvin, L. Xu, L. Ran, J. Robinson, and D. J. Kelvin Defining the Origins and Evolution of the Chemokine/Chemokine Receptor System J. Immunol., January 1, 2006; 176(1): 401 - 415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. D. Shellenberger, A. Mazumdar, Y. Henderson, K. Briggs, M. Wang, C. Chattopadhyay, A. Jayakumar, M. Frederick, and G. L. Clayman Headpin: A Serpin with Endogenous and Exogenous Suppression of Angiogenesis Cancer Res., December 15, 2005; 65(24): 11501 - 11509. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. M. Schmidt-Ott, J. Yang, X. Chen, H. Wang, N. Paragas, K. Mori, J.-Y. Li, B. Lu, F. Costantini, M. Schiffer, et al. Novel Regulators of Kidney Development from the Tips of the Ureteric Bud J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2005; 16(7): 1993 - 2002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. V. Shurin, R. Ferris, I. L. Tourkova, L. Perez, A. Lokshin, L. Balkir, B. Collins, G. S. Chatta, and M. R. Shurin Loss of New Chemokine CXCL14 in Tumor Tissue Is Associated with Low Infiltration by Dendritic Cells (DC), while Restoration of Human CXCL14 Expression in Tumor Cells Causes Attraction of DC Both In Vitro and In Vivo J. Immunol., May 1, 2005; 174(9): 5490 - 5498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Cancer Research | Clinical Cancer Research |
| Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention | Molecular Cancer Therapeutics |
| Molecular Cancer Research | Cancer Prevention Research |
| Cancer Prevention Journals Portal | Cancer Reviews Online |
| Annual Meeting Education Book | Meeting Abstracts Online |
