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Departments of 1 Surgical Oncology, 2 Pathology, and 3 Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
The initial tumor-draining lymph node, the sentinel lymph node, not only constitutes the first expected site of micrometastasis but also the first point of contact between tumor-associated antigens and the adaptive immune system. A tumor-induced decrease in the frequency and activation state of sentinel lymph node dendritic cells will impair the generation of effective antitumor T-cell responses and increase the likelihood of metastatic spread. Here, we demonstrate that intradermal administration of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor around the excision site of stage I primary melanoma tumors increases the number and activation state of dendritic cells in the paracortical areas of the sentinel lymph node and enhances their binding to T cells. We conclude that local treatment of melanoma patients with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, before surgery, conditions the sentinel lymph node microenvironment to enhance mature dendritic cell recruitment and hypothesize that this may be more conducive to the generation of T-cell–mediated antitumor immunity.
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R. Essner Sentinel lymph node biopsy and melanoma biology. Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2006; 12(7): 2320s - 2325s. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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