This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Nithipatikom, K. Articles by Campbell, W. B. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Nithipatikom, K. Articles by Campbell, W. B.

2-Arachidonoylglycerol

A Novel Inhibitor of Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion

Departments of ¹ Pharmacology and Toxicology and ² Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and ³ Departments of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas

Endocannabinoids have been implicated in cancer. Increasing endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) by blocking its metabolism inhibits invasion of androgen-independent prostate cancer (PC-3 and DU-145) cells. Noladin ether (a stable 2-AG analog) and exogenous CB1 receptor agonists possess similar effects. Conversely, reducing endogenous 2-AG by inhibiting its synthesis or blocking its binding to CB1 receptors with antagonists increases the cell invasion. 2-AG and noladin ether decrease protein kinase A activity in these cells, indicating coupling of the CB1 receptor to downstream effectors. The results suggest that cellular 2-AG, acting through the CB1 receptor, is an endogenous inhibitor of invasive prostate cancer cells.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. Laezza, S. Pisanti, A. M. Malfitano, and M. Bifulco The anandamide analog, Met-F-AEA, controls human breast cancer cell migration via the RHOA/RHO kinase signaling pathway Endocr. Relat. Cancer, December 1, 2008; 15(4): 965 - 974. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Bifulco, A. M. Malfitano, S. Pisanti, and C. Laezza Endocannabinoids in endocrine and related tumours Endocr. Relat. Cancer, June 1, 2008; 15(2): 391 - 408. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Sarfaraz, V. M. Adhami, D. N. Syed, F. Afaq, and H. Mukhtar Cannabinoids for Cancer Treatment: Progress and Promise Cancer Res., January 15, 2008; 68(2): 339 - 342. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Ramer and B. Hinz Inhibition of Cancer Cell Invasion by Cannabinoids via Increased Expression of Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 J Natl Cancer Inst, January 2, 2008; 100(1): 59 - 69. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Sarfaraz, F. Afaq, V. M. Adhami, A. Malik, and H. Mukhtar Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist-induced Apoptosis of Human Prostate Cancer Cells LNCaP Proceeds through Sustained Activation of ERK1/2 Leading to G1 Cell Cycle Arrest J. Biol. Chem., December 22, 2006; 281(51): 39480 - 39491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Pacher, S. Batkai, and G. Kunos The Endocannabinoid System as an Emerging Target of Pharmacotherapy Pharmacol. Rev., September 1, 2006; 58(3): 389 - 462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]