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[Cancer Research 65, 4389-4400, May 15, 2005]
© 2005 American Association for Cancer Research

Experimental Therapeutics, Molecular Targets, and Chemical Biology

AZD2171: A Highly Potent, Orally Bioavailable, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Cancer

Stephen R. Wedge1, Jane Kendrew1, Laurent F. Hennequin4, Paula J. Valentine1, Simon T. Barry1, Sandra R. Brave1, Neil R. Smith1, Neil H. James1, Michael Dukes1, Jon O. Curwen1, Rosemary Chester1, Janet A. Jackson1, Sarah J. Boffey1, Lyndsey L. Kilburn1, Sharon Barnett1, Graham H.P. Richmond2, Peter F. Wadsworth2, Mike Walker3, Alison L. Bigley2, Sian T. Taylor1, Lee Cooper1, Sarah Beck1, Juliane M. Jürgensmeier1 and Donald J. Ogilvie1

1 Cancer Bioscience, 2 Safety Assessment, and 3 Discovery DMPK, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom; and 4 AstraZeneca Pharma, Centre de Recherches, Z.I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, Reims, France

Requests for reprints: Stephen R. Wedge, Cancer and Infection Research, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-1625-513236; Fax: 44-1625-513624; E-mail: steve.wedge{at}astrazeneca.com.

Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) signaling is a promising therapeutic approach that aims to stabilize the progression of solid malignancies by abrogating tumor-induced angiogenesis. This may be accomplished by inhibiting the kinase activity of VEGF receptor-2 (KDR), which has a key role in mediating VEGF-induced responses. The novel indole-ether quinazoline AZD2171 is a highly potent (IC50 < 1 nmol/L) ATP-competitive inhibitor of recombinant KDR tyrosine kinase in vitro. Concordant with this activity, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, AZD2171 inhibited VEGF-stimulated proliferation and KDR phosphorylation with IC50 values of 0.4 and 0.5 nmol/L, respectively. In a fibroblast/endothelial cell coculture model of vessel sprouting, AZD2171 also reduced vessel area, length, and branching at subnanomolar concentrations. Once-daily oral administration of AZD2171 ablated experimental (VEGF-induced) angiogenesis in vivo and inhibited endochondral ossification in bone or corpora luteal development in ovary; physiologic processes that are highly dependent upon neovascularization. The growth of established human tumor xenografts (colon, lung, prostate, breast, and ovary) in athymic mice was inhibited dose-dependently by AZD2171, with chronic administration of 1.5 mg per kg per day producing statistically significant inhibition in all models. A histologic analysis of Calu-6 lung tumors treated with AZD2171 revealed a reduction in microvessel density within 52 hours that became progressively greater with the duration of treatment. These changes are indicative of vascular regression within tumors. Collectively, the data obtained with AZD2171 are consistent with potent inhibition of VEGF signaling, angiogenesis, neovascular survival, and tumor growth. AZD2171 is being developed clinically as a once-daily oral therapy for the treatment of cancer.




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