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Synergistic Induction of DOC-2/DAB2 Gene Expression in Transitional Cell Carcinoma in the Presence of GATA6 and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor

¹ Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas and ² School of Medical Technology, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China

Requests for reprints: Jer-Tsong Hsieh, Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9110. Phone: 214-648-3988; Fax: 214-648-8786; E-mail: JT.Hsieh{at}UTSouthwestern.edu.

The down-regulation of DOC-2/DAB2 gene, which encodes a unique phosphoprotein modulating signal pathways elicited by exogenous stimuli, is often associated with several cancer types; however, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Dramatically different expression levels of DOC-2/DAB2 mRNA and protein are observed among several human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell lines, suggesting that transcriptional regulation may play a role in these cells. In this study, we have shown that the histone acetylation status associated with the 5' upstream regulatory sequence of DOC-2/DAB2 gene is one of the key determinants for its gene expression. In addition, GATA6 but not other GATA family members, such as GATA2 and GATA4, can specifically induce DOC-2/DAB2 promoter activity, although GATA transcription factors share a very similar DNA-binding sequence. We also show that increased histone acetylation and the presence of GATA6 have a synergistic effect on DOC-2/DAB2 promoter activity, which results in the elevation of DOC-2/DAB2 protein expression. Thus, we conclude that transcriptional regulation of DOC-2/DAB2 gene in human TCC is determined by histone acetylation and a specific transcription factor (i.e., GATA6), which underlie the reduced DOC-2/DAB2 protein expression in TCC cells.

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