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[Cancer Research 65, 9628-9632, November 1, 2005]
© 2005 American Association for Cancer Research

Priority Reports

A Polycistronic MicroRNA Cluster, miR-17-92, Is Overexpressed in Human Lung Cancers and Enhances Cell Proliferation

Yoji Hayashita1,4, Hirotaka Osada1, Yoshio Tatematsu1, Hideki Yamada1,2, Kiyoshi Yanagisawa1,2, Shuta Tomida1,2, Yasushi Yatabe3, Katsunobu Kawahara4, Yoshitaka Sekido1 and Takashi Takahashi1,2

1 Division of Molecular Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute; 2 Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; 3 Departments of Anatomic and Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan; and 4 Department of Oncological Science (Surgery II), Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan

Requests for reprints: Takashi Takahashi, Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. Phone: 81-52-744-2454; Fax: 81-52-744-2457; E-mail: tak{at}med.nagoya-u.ac.jp.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs, thought to be involved in physiologic and developmental processes by negatively regulating expression of target genes. We have previously reported frequent down-regulation of the let-7 miRNA family in lung cancers and, in the present study, assessed alteration in a panel of 19 lung cancer cell lines. As a result, we found for the first time that the miR-17-92 cluster, which comprises seven miRNAs and resides in intron 3 of the C13orf25 gene at 13q31.3, is markedly overexpressed in lung cancers, especially with small-cell lung cancer histology. Southern blot analysis revealed the presence of increased gene copy numbers of the miRNA cluster in a fraction of lung cancer cell lines with overexpression. In addition, we were able to show predominant localization of C13orf25 transcripts within the nucleus and introduction of the expression construct of the miR-17-92 cluster, but not the putative open reading frame of C13orf25, enhancing lung cancer cell growth. These findings clearly suggest that marked overexpression of the miR-17-92 cluster with occasional gene amplification may play a role in the development of lung cancers, especially in their most aggressive form, small-cell lung cancer, and that the C13orf25 gene may well be serving as a vehicle in this regard.




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