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Tumors Face NO Problems?

¹ Center for Free Radical Biology, Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Biophysics, and Environmental Health Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama and ² Departments of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas

Requests for reprints: Keping Xie, Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Unit 426, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: 713-792-2828; Fax: 713-745-1163; E-mail: kepxie{at}mail.mdanderson.org.

The effect of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) II expression on cancer biology is unclear and difficult to define, with multiple reports of pro- and anti-cancer actions. Here we address the major factors that seem likely to account for these paradoxical behaviors, which include variability in NO production, heterogeneity in NO chemistry (and thus its cellular actions), and differential cellular responses. In addition, we suggest that a major determinant of the outcome of NO actions in the tumor environment is cellular adaptation/selection to the cytotoxic actions of NO. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(13): 6459-62)

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