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[Cancer Research 66, 7390-7394, August 1, 2006]
© 2006 American Association for Cancer Research

Reviews

MicroRNA-Cancer Connection: The Beginning of a New Tale

George Adrian Calin and Carlo Maria Croce

Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

Requests for reprints: Carlo M. Croce, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Room 385K, Wiseman Hall, 400 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-292-4354; Fax: 614-292-3312; E-mail: Carlo.Croce{at}osumc.edu.

Cancer initiation and progression can involve microRNAs (miRNA), which are small noncoding RNAs that can regulate gene expression. Their expression profiles can be used for the classification, diagnosis, and prognosis of human malignancies. Loss or amplification of miRNA genes has been reported in a variety of cancers, and altered patterns of miRNA expression may affect cell cycle and survival programs. Germ-line and somatic mutations in miRNAs or polymorphisms in the mRNAs targeted by miRNAs may also contribute to cancer predisposition and progression. We propose that alterations in miRNA genes play a critical role in the pathophysiology of many, perhaps all, human cancers. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(15): 7390-4)




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