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Molecular Biology, Pathobiology, and Genetics |
1 McGill Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec and 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Requests for reprints: Arnim Pause, McGill Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Room 716, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6. Phone: 514-398-1521; Fax: 514-398-6769; E-mail: arnim.pause{at}mcgill.ca.
Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene results in highly vascularized tumors, making the VHL tumor syndrome an ideal system to study the mechanisms of angiogenesis. VHL operates along two pathways with the first involving hypoxia-inducible factor-
degradation and down-regulation of its proangiogenic target genes vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor-ß, and the second pathway promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly. Secretion of proangiogenic factors was shown to be a primary inducer of angiogenesis. Here, we show that loss of ECM assembly correlates with tumor angiogenesis in VHL disease. Upon inactivation of the VHL-ECM assembly pathway, we observe tumors that are highly vascularized, have a disrupted ECM, and show increased matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity. Loss of the VHL pathway leading to hypoxia-inducible factor- degradation results in tumors with increased vascular endothelial growth factor levels but with surprisingly low microvessel density, a tightly assembled ECM and low invasive ability. We conclude that loss of ECM integrity could promote and maintain tumor angiogenesis by providing a route for blood vessels to infiltrate tumors. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1313-9)
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