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Extralymphatic Tumors Prepare Draining Lymph Nodes to Invasion via a T-Cell Cross-Tolerance Process

¹ Louis Jeantet Skin Cancer Laboratory, Departments of Dermatology and Patho-Immunology, University Medical Center and ² Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Requests for reprints: Bertrand Huard, Louis-Jeantet Skin Cancer Laboratory, University Medical Center, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Phone: 41-22-379-58-11; Fax: 41-22-379-58-02; E-mail: bertrand.huard{at}medecine.unige.ch.

Metastases often develop in lymphoid organs. However, the immunologic mechanism allowing such invasion is not known because these organs are considered to be hostile to tumor cells. Here, we analyzed the interactions between tumor cells and CD8⁺ T cells in such lymphoid organs. Tumor cells implanted into lymph nodes were able to induce tumor-specific cytotoxic CD8⁺ T-cell responses, conducting to tumor rejection, in contrast to primary extralymphatic tumors rapidly anergizing T cells in draining lymph nodes (DLN) via a cross-presentation process. This abortive CD8⁺ T-cell response to extralymphatic tumor is independent of the subcellular localization of antigen in tumor cells and is consistent with a lack of CD4⁺ T-cell help. Notably, this anergy was potent enough to allow successful DLN implantation of tumor cells. Such distant cross-tolerization of tumor-specific CD8⁺ T cells may be a determinant permissive event leading to invasion of DLN. In this situation, metastatic tumor cells do not need to down-regulate their immunogenicity to spread. [Cancer Res 2007;67(10):5009–16]

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				P. Schuler, E. Contassot, M. Irla, S. Hugues, O. Preynat-Seauve, F. Beermann, A. Donda, L.E. French, and B. Huard Direct Presentation of a Melanocyte-Associated Antigen in Peripheral Lymph Nodes Induces Cytotoxic CD8+ T Cells Cancer Res., October 15, 2008; 68(20): 8410 - 8418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]