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Gene Expression Profiling of Childhood Adrenocortical Tumors

¹ Interdisciplinary Science Program, University of Tennessee Health Science Center; ² Hartwell Center for Biotechnology; ³ International Outreach Program; and the Departments of ⁴ Biostatistics, ⁵ Oncology, and ⁶ Biochemistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; ⁷ Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ⁸ Center for Molecular Genetics and Cancer Research in Children and ⁹ Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Erasto Gaertner Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil; ¹⁰ Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino Boldrini, Campinas, Brazil; and ¹¹ Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 6097, Valbonne, France

Requests for reprints: Gerard P. Zambetti, Department of Biochemistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105. Phone: 901-495-3429; Fax: 901-525-8025; E-mail: gerard.zambetti{at}stjude.org.

Pediatric adrenocortical tumors (ACT) are rare and often fatal malignancies; little is known regarding their etiology and biology. To provide additional insight into the nature of ACT, we determined the gene expression profiles of 24 pediatric tumors (five adenomas, 18 carcinomas, and one undetermined) and seven normal adrenal glands. Distinct patterns of gene expression, validated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, were identified that distinguish normal adrenal cortex from tumor. Differences in gene expression were also identified between adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas. In addition, pediatric adrenocortical carcinomas were found to share similar patterns of gene expression when compared with those published for adult ACT. This study represents the first microarray analysis of childhood ACT. Our findings lay the groundwork for establishing gene expression profiles that may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric ACT, and in the identification of signaling pathways that contribute to this disease. [Cancer Res 2007;67(2):600–8]

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